Of the economies in the World Bank's latest release, Japan has the highest claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP) (116.59% in 2025) and Macao SAR, China the lowest (-79.46% in 2025). The world figure is 39.8% (2024).
What this measures
Claims on central government include loans to central government institutions net of deposits. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.
Each country's latest available year is shown; countries report on different schedules, so compare years before comparing values.
Ranking
| # | Economy | Latest value | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Japan | 116.59% | 2025 |
| 2 | Maldives | 57.43% | 2025 |
| 3 | South Sudan | 57.27% | 2025 |
| 4 | Brazil | 55.83% | 2025 |
| 5 | United States | 54.19% | 2025 |
| 6 | Italy | 53.45% | 2023 |
| 7 | Egypt, Arab Rep. | 48.18% | 2025 |
| 8 | El Salvador | 47.58% | 2025 |
| 9 | Morocco | 47.55% | 2025 |
| 10 | Thailand | 46.57% | 2025 |
| 11 | China | 45.99% | 2024 |
| 12 | Fiji | 43.37% | 2025 |
| 13 | Algeria | 42.42% | 2025 |
| 14 | Mauritius | 40.9% | 2025 |
| 15 | Spain | 37.17% | 2024 |
| 16 | Lebanon | 37.06% | 2018 |
| 17 | Pakistan | 35.98% | 2025 |
| 18 | Brunei Darussalam | 33.27% | 2025 |
| 19 | Philippines | 32.58% | 2025 |
| 20 | Qatar | 31.58% | 2025 |
| 21 | Bolivia | 29.84% | 2025 |
| 22 | France | 29.02% | 2024 |
| 23 | Tunisia | 28.85% | 2025 |
| 24 | Mexico | 28.56% | 2025 |
| 25 | Portugal | 28.29% | 2024 |
| 26 | Nepal | 28.22% | 2025 |
| 27 | Malawi | 27.94% | 2024 |
| 28 | Gambia, The | 27.55% | 2024 |
| 29 | Jordan | 27.03% | 2025 |
| 30 | Dominican Republic | 26.75% | 2025 |
| 31 | Myanmar | 26.09% | 2020 |
| 32 | Central African Republic | 25.54% | 2022 |
| 33 | Colombia | 24.89% | 2025 |
| 34 | Bahamas, The | 23.45% | 2024 |
| 35 | Burundi | 23.01% | 2025 |
| 36 | Argentina | 23% | 2025 |
| 37 | Chile | 22.74% | 2025 |
| 38 | North Macedonia | 22.21% | 2025 |
| 39 | United Kingdom | 21.86% | 2024 |
| 40 | Albania | 21.66% | 2025 |
| 41 | Mozambique | 21.22% | 2025 |
| 42 | Sri Lanka | 21.16% | 2019 |
| 43 | Belgium | 21.15% | 2024 |
| 44 | Barbados | 21.04% | 2023 |
| 45 | Slovak Republic | 21.04% | 2024 |
| 46 | Guinea | 20.77% | 2025 |
| 47 | Costa Rica | 20.2% | 2025 |
| 48 | India | 20.02% | 2025 |
| 49 | Greece | 19.89% | 2024 |
| 50 | Senegal | 19.32% | 2025 |
| 51 | Sierra Leone | 19.17% | 2025 |
| 52 | Namibia | 18.15% | 2025 |
| 53 | Austria | 17.69% | 2024 |
| 54 | Malaysia | 17.58% | 2025 |
| 55 | Botswana | 17.38% | 2025 |
| 56 | Congo, Rep. | 17.24% | 2023 |
| 57 | Hungary | 17.1% | 2024 |
| 58 | Zambia | 17.06% | 2025 |
| 59 | West Bank and Gaza | 16.76% | 2025 |
| 60 | Belize | 16.75% | 2025 |
| 61 | Bahrain | 16.44% | 2015 |
| 62 | Singapore | 16.22% | 2020 |
| 63 | Papua New Guinea | 16.19% | 2025 |
| 64 | Bangladesh | 15.9% | 2025 |
| 65 | Liberia | 15.84% | 2024 |
| 66 | Kenya | 15.3% | 2025 |
| 67 | Guyana | 14.78% | 2025 |
| 68 | Ukraine | 14.23% | 2025 |
| 69 | Netherlands | 13.93% | 2023 |
| 70 | Slovenia | 13.76% | 2024 |
| 71 | Côte d'Ivoire | 13.26% | 2025 |
| 72 | Israel | 13.18% | 2025 |
| 73 | Malta | 13.08% | 2023 |
| 74 | Finland | 12.96% | 2024 |
| 75 | Türkiye | 12.77% | 2025 |
| 76 | Chad | 12.63% | 2021 |
| 77 | Poland | 12.54% | 2024 |
| 78 | Trinidad and Tobago | 12.34% | 2025 |
| 79 | Indonesia | 12.29% | 2025 |
| 80 | Armenia | 12.29% | 2025 |
| 81 | Mali | 12.25% | 2025 |
| 82 | Czechia | 11.87% | 2024 |
| 83 | Germany | 11.83% | 2023 |
| 84 | New Zealand | 11.74% | 2025 |
| 85 | Cyprus | 11.58% | 2024 |
| 86 | St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 10.99% | 2025 |
| 87 | Ghana | 10.6% | 2025 |
| 88 | Kazakhstan | 10.5% | 2025 |
| 89 | Guinea-Bissau | 10.44% | 2025 |
| 90 | Seychelles | 10.06% | 2025 |
| 91 | Gabon | 9.5% | 2019 |
| 92 | Togo | 9.49% | 2025 |
| 93 | Dominica | 9.47% | 2025 |
| 94 | Uganda | 9.04% | 2025 |
| 95 | Haiti | 9.02% | 2025 |
| 96 | Croatia | 8.7% | 2024 |
| 97 | Guatemala | 8.64% | 2025 |
| 98 | São Tomé and Principe | 8.59% | 2023 |
| 99 | Cabo Verde | 8.46% | 2025 |
| 100 | Ireland | 8.31% | 2023 |
| 101 | Iran, Islamic Rep. | 8.16% | 2016 |
| 102 | Australia | 7.99% | 2025 |
| 103 | Jamaica | 7.95% | 2025 |
| 104 | Angola | 7.84% | 2025 |
| 105 | Nigeria | 7.81% | 2023 |
| 106 | Bhutan | 7.53% | 2025 |
| 107 | Iraq | 7.17% | 2024 |
| 108 | Romania | 6.85% | 2025 |
| 109 | Sudan | 6.59% | 2022 |
| 110 | Uruguay | 6.49% | 2025 |
| 111 | Burkina Faso | 6.48% | 2025 |
| 112 | Georgia | 6.43% | 2025 |
| 113 | South Africa | 6.3% | 2025 |
| 114 | Djibouti | 6.23% | 2025 |
| 115 | Niger | 5.89% | 2025 |
| 116 | Madagascar | 5.73% | 2024 |
| 117 | Antigua and Barbuda | 5.72% | 2025 |
| 118 | Tanzania | 5.51% | 2025 |
| 119 | Suriname | 5.17% | 2025 |
| 120 | Mauritania | 5.08% | 2019 |
| 121 | Sweden | 5.07% | 2024 |
| 122 | Ecuador | 4.88% | 2025 |
| 123 | Comoros | 4.16% | 2024 |
| 124 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 4.09% | 2025 |
| 125 | Equatorial Guinea | 3.95% | 2023 |
| 126 | Lithuania | 3.94% | 2024 |
| 127 | Bulgaria | 3.89% | 2024 |
| 128 | Cameroon | 3.69% | 2019 |
| 129 | Latvia | 3.53% | 2024 |
| 130 | Korea, Rep. | 3.37% | 2024 |
| 131 | Kosovo | 3.3% | 2025 |
| 132 | Eswatini | 2.49% | 2025 |
| 133 | Moldova | 2.18% | 2025 |
| 134 | Aruba | 2.05% | 2023 |
| 135 | Benin | 1.94% | 2025 |
| 136 | Solomon Islands | 1.63% | 2025 |
| 137 | Congo, Dem. Rep. | 1.46% | 2023 |
| 138 | Zimbabwe | 1.44% | 2023 |
| 139 | Serbia | 1.34% | 2025 |
| 140 | Honduras | 1.07% | 2025 |
| 141 | Viet Nam | 0.89% | 2022 |
| 142 | Rwanda | 0.74% | 2025 |
| 143 | Montenegro | 0.64% | 2024 |
| 144 | Libya | -0.44% | 2025 |
| 145 | Switzerland | -0.47% | 2025 |
| 146 | Peru | -0.63% | 2024 |
| 147 | Somalia, Fed. Rep. | -0.85% | 2024 |
| 148 | Panama | -1.17% | 2025 |
| 149 | Luxembourg | -1.42% | 2023 |
| 150 | Kyrgyz Republic | -2.02% | 2024 |
| 151 | Estonia | -2.84% | 2024 |
| 152 | Tajikistan | -2.97% | 2023 |
| 153 | Nicaragua | -3.32% | 2024 |
| 154 | Azerbaijan | -3.85% | 2025 |
| 155 | Iceland | -3.91% | 2025 |
| 156 | Paraguay | -4.1% | 2025 |
| 157 | Vanuatu | -4.84% | 2024 |
| 158 | Norway | -5.01% | 2025 |
| 159 | Belarus | -5.76% | 2021 |
| 160 | Denmark | -5.78% | 2024 |
| 161 | United Arab Emirates | -5.92% | 2024 |
| 162 | Russian Federation | -6.51% | 2021 |
| 163 | Afghanistan | -8.32% | 2020 |
| 164 | Mongolia | -8.33% | 2024 |
| 165 | Oman | -10.67% | 2024 |
| 166 | St. Lucia | -11.62% | 2025 |
| 167 | St. Kitts and Nevis | -11.63% | 2025 |
| 168 | Cambodia | -11.72% | 2025 |
| 169 | Uzbekistan | -12.1% | 2025 |
| 170 | Saudi Arabia | -15.79% | 2017 |
| 171 | Kuwait | -16.91% | 2025 |
| 172 | Lesotho | -18.19% | 2024 |
| 173 | Hong Kong SAR, China | -18.42% | 2025 |
| 174 | Grenada | -19.16% | 2025 |
| 175 | Samoa | -19.41% | 2025 |
| 176 | Tonga | -20.91% | 2025 |
| 177 | Micronesia, Fed. Sts. | -22.6% | 2021 |
| 178 | Timor-Leste | -47.99% | 2025 |
| 179 | Macao SAR, China | -79.46% | 2025 |
Regions and income groups
More financial sector indicators
- S&P Global Equity Indices (annual % change)
- Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (current US$)
- Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (% of GDP)
- Listed domestic companies, total
- Stocks traded, total value (current US$)
- Stocks traded, total value (% of GDP)
- Stocks traded, turnover ratio of domestic shares (%)
- Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%)
- Automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults)
- Bank capital to assets ratio (%)
- Commercial bank branches (per 100,000 adults)
- Borrowers from commercial banks (per 1,000 adults)
Reading data like this
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, FS.AST.CGOV.GD.ZS, CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF); World Development Indicators Database, World Bank (WB); National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) View on data.worldbank.org; the full definition is in the World Bank's metadata glossary.
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