Viet Nam: Claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2022, Viet Nam's claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP) fell 2.89 percentage points on 2021 (from 3.77% to 0.89%).

Across the 27 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2021), the average change was +0.22 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.05 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.5 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 5.45 percentage points in 2009 and the biggest yearly fall was 4.12 percentage points in 2017. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2013 to 2022 the straight-line trend is downward, about 1.2 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 73% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

Closest to Viet Nam in the 2022 ranking

• Central African Republic — 1st of 3: 25.54%
• Sudan — 2nd of 3: 6.59%

What this measures

Claims on central government include loans to central government institutions net of deposits. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 30 values

Claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP) in nearby economies

• Australia — 7.99% (2025)
• Brunei Darussalam — 33.27% (2025)
• Cambodia — -11.72% (2025)
• China — 45.99% (2024)
• Fiji — 43.37% (2025)
• Hong Kong SAR, China — -18.42% (2025)
• Indonesia — 12.29% (2025)
• Japan — 116.59% (2025)
• Korea, Rep. — 3.37% (2024)
• Macao SAR, China — -79.46% (2025)

More financial sector data for Viet Nam

• DEC alternative conversion factor (LCU per US$) — US$24,961 (2025)
• GDP deflator (base year varies by country) — 189.97 (2025)
• Inflation, GDP deflator (annual % growth) — 3.33% (2025)
• Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average) — US$24,165 (2024)
• Inflation, GDP deflator, linked series (annual % growth) — 3.33% (2025)
• GDP deflator, linked series (base year varies by country) — 189.97 (2025)
• Net foreign assets (current LCU) — -534.88 billion (2023)
• Consumer price index (2010 = 100) — 195.98 (2025)
• Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) — 124.96% (2022)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Viet Nam's claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP)?

0.89% in 2022, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1992?

It is down 1.17 percentage points from 2.06% in 1992. The highest value was 13.26% in 2015 and the lowest -0.11% in 2000.

Is the latest change in claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP) unusual for Viet Nam?

In 2022, Viet Nam's claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP) fell 2.89 percentage points on 2021 (from 3.77% to 0.89%). Across the 27 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2021), the average change was +0.22 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.05 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.5 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Where does this data come from?

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FS.AST.CGOV.GD.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF); World Development Indicators Database, World Bank (WB); National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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