Czechia's technicians in R&D (per million people) was 2,186 in 2018, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 50.62% from 1,452 in 2008 (4.18% a year on average, compounded).
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 2,186 | 2018 |
| Five years earlier | 1,788 | 2013 |
| Ten years earlier | 1,452 | 2008 |
| Highest | 2,186 | 2018 |
| Lowest | 678.82 | 1996 |
| Average since 2009 | 1,786 | 2009–2018 |
| First recorded | 678.82 | 1996 |
What the numbers say
In 2018, Czechia's technicians in R&D (per million people) rose 229.18 on 2017 (from 1,957 to 2,186).
Across the 21 yearly changes before that (1997 to 2017), the average change was +60.87 and a typical year strayed about 104.67 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.6 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 420.14 in 2005 and the biggest yearly fall was 48.57 in 2015. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2009 to 2018 the straight-line trend is upward, about 63.18 a year. A straight line explains 89% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
A straight-line projection, tested first
Extending that straight line gives about 2,230 for 2021. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2016 to 2018 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was 89.75, against 165.58 for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.
See how a linear trend forecast works and the guide on forecasting without fooling yourself.
How it compares
In 2018, Czechia had the 2nd highest value of the 22 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Czechia | 2,186 | 2018 |
| Europe & Central Asia | 870.55 | 2017 |
Closest to Czechia in the 2018 ranking
- Korea, Rep. — 2nd of 22: 1,311
- Japan — 3rd of 22: 524.29
- Slovak Republic — 4th of 22: 520.63
What this measures
The number of technicians participated in Research & Development (R&D), expressed as per million. Technicians and equivalent staff are people who perform scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts and operational methods, normally under the supervision of researchers. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
Limitations: Estimates of the resources allocated to R&D are affected by national characteristics such as the periodicity and coverage of national R&D surveys across institutional sectors and industries; and the use of different sampling and estimation methods. R&D typically involves a few large performers, hence R&D surveys use various techniques to maintain up-to-date registers of known performers, while attempting to identify new or occasional performers.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 23 values
| Year | Technicians in R&D (per million people) |
|---|---|
| 2018 | 2,186 |
| 2017 | 1,957 |
| 2016 | 1,829 |
| 2015 | 1,825 |
| 2014 | 1,874 |
| 2013 | 1,788 |
| 2012 | 1,740 |
| 2011 | 1,619 |
| 2010 | 1,516 |
| 2009 | 1,526 |
| 2008 |
Technicians in R&D (per million people) in nearby economies
More infrastructure data for Czechia
- Air transport, registered carrier departures worldwide — 14,545 (2023)
- Air transport, freight (million ton-km) — 0.04 (2023)
- Air transport, passengers carried — 2.18 million (2023)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions — 13.59 million (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) — 126.6 (2024)
- Fixed telephone subscriptions — 1.16 million (2024)
- Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people) — 10.79 (2024)
- Medium and high-tech exports (% manufactured exports) — 72.97% (2024)
- ICT service exports (BoP, current US$) — US$8.64 billion (2025)
- ICT service exports (% of service exports, BoP)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Czechia's technicians in R&D (per million people)?
- 2,186 in 2018, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1996?
- It is up 222.08% from 678.82 in 1996 (5.46% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 2,186 in 2018 and the lowest 678.82 in 1996.
- How does Czechia rank?
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SP.POP.TECH.RD.P6, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS), UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: http://uis.unesco.org, note: Data as of March 2021, publisher: UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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