Female share of employment in senior and middle management (%) by country

What this measures

The female share of employment in senior and middle management conveys the number of women in management as a percentage of employment in management. Employment in management is defined based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations. This series refers to senior and middle management only, thus excluding junior management (category 1 in both ISCO-08 and ISCO-88 minus category 14 in ISCO-08 and minus category 13 in ISCO-88).

Limitations: The main limitation of this indicator is that it fails to capture the differences in the levels of responsibility of women in their respective managerial position, or the importance of the enterprises and organizations in which they are employed. Its quality is also significantly impacted by the reliability of the employment statistics by occupation at the two-digit level of the ISCO. Whenever data at the two-digit level of the ISCO are not available, data at the one-digit level could be used as a proxy, referring only to major group 1 of ISCO-08 or ISCO-88, rather than to also refer to major group 1 minus category 14 of ISCO-08 or major group 1 minus category 13 of ISCO-88.

Each country's latest available year is shown; countries report on different schedules, so compare years before comparing values.

Ranking

More social protection & labor indicators

• Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
• Employment in agriculture, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
• Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
• Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, female (%) (national estimate)
• Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
• Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%) (national estimate)
• Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
• Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) (national estimate)
• Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
• Employers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
• Employers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
• Employers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)

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Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, SL.EMP.SMGT.FE.ZS, CC BY 4.0. Original source: Labour Market-related SDG Indicators database (ILOSDG), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: external database, date accessed: September 28, 2026 View on data.worldbank.org; the full definition is in the World Bank's metadata glossary.