Bosnia and Herzegovina's female share of employment in senior and middle management (%) was 27.86% in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 3.67 percentage points from 24.18% in 2015.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 27.86% | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | 24.89% | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | 24.18% | 2015 |
| Highest | 33.35% | 2008 |
| Lowest | 18.78% | 2016 |
| Average since 2016 | 24.43% | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | 23.73% | 2006 |
What the numbers say
In 2025, Bosnia and Herzegovina's female share of employment in senior and middle management (%) fell 2.38 percentage points on 2024 (from 30.23% to 27.86%).
Across the 18 yearly changes before that (2007 to 2024), the average change was +0.36 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 5.01 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.5 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 13.08 percentage points in 2008 and the biggest yearly fall was 7.57 percentage points in 2011. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about 0.98 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 55% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2025, Bosnia and Herzegovina had the 28th highest value of the 33 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
Closest to Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 2025 ranking
- Argentina — 25th of 33: 34.07%
- Switzerland — 26th of 33: 33.28%
- Serbia — 27th of 33: 31.91%
- Bolivia — 29th of 33: 26.35%
- West Bank and Gaza — 30th of 33: 23.53%
- Türkiye — 31st of 33: 21.68%
What this measures
The female share of employment in senior and middle management conveys the number of women in management as a percentage of employment in management. Employment in management is defined based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations. This series refers to senior and middle management only, thus excluding junior management (category 1 in both ISCO-08 and ISCO-88 minus category 14 in ISCO-08 and minus category 13 in ISCO-88).
Limitations: The main limitation of this indicator is that it fails to capture the differences in the levels of responsibility of women in their respective managerial position, or the importance of the enterprises and organizations in which they are employed. Its quality is also significantly impacted by the reliability of the employment statistics by occupation at the two-digit level of the ISCO. Whenever data at the two-digit level of the ISCO are not available, data at the one-digit level could be used as a proxy, referring only to major group 1 of ISCO-08 or ISCO-88, rather than to also refer to major group 1 minus category 14 of ISCO-08 or major group 1 minus category 13 of ISCO-88.
All 20 values
| Year | Female share of employment in senior and middle management (%) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 27.86 |
| 2024 | 30.23 |
| 2023 | 27.9 |
| 2022 | 24.09 |
| 2021 | 20.18 |
| 2020 | 24.89 |
| 2019 | 25.43 |
| 2018 | 26.12 |
| 2017 | 18.83 |
| 2016 | 18.78 |
| 2015 |
Female share of employment in senior and middle management (%) in nearby economies
More social protection & labor data for Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Net migration — -6,994 (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 18.44% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 32.97% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 26% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate) — 52.5% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate) — 73.6% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Bosnia and Herzegovina's female share of employment in senior and middle management (%)?
- 27.86% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2006?
- It is up 4.13 percentage points from 23.73% in 2006. The highest value was 33.35% in 2008 and the lowest 18.78% in 2016.
- How does Bosnia and Herzegovina rank?
- 28th highest of 33 economies with data for 2025.
- Is the latest change in female share of employment in senior and middle management (%) unusual for Bosnia and Herzegovina?
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SL.EMP.SMGT.FE.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Labour Market-related SDG Indicators database (ILOSDG), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: external database, date accessed: September 28, 2026 Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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