Of the economies in the World Bank's latest release, Timor-Leste has the highest employers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) (15.59% in 2025) and Pakistan the lowest (0.1% in 2025). The world figure is 2.28% (2025).
What this measures
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
Limitations: Data are drawn from labor force surveys and household surveys, supplemented by official estimates and censuses for a small group of countries. Due to differences in definitions and coverage across countries, there are limitations for comparing data across countries and over time even within a country. Estimates of women in employment are not comparable internationally, reflecting that demographic, social, legal, and cultural trends and norms determine whether women's activities are regarded as economic.
Each country's latest available year is shown; countries report on different schedules, so compare years before comparing values.
Ranking
| # | Economy | Latest value | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Timor-Leste | 15.59% | 2025 |
| 2 | Djibouti | 14.57% | 2025 |
| 3 | Azerbaijan | 13.14% | 2025 |
| 4 | Nigeria | 10.44% | 2025 |
| 5 | São Tomé and Principe | 8.62% | 2025 |
| 6 | Tonga | 8.36% | 2025 |
| 7 | Uzbekistan | 8.27% | 2025 |
| 8 | Honduras | 7.24% | 2025 |
| 9 | Ghana | 6.84% | 2025 |
| 10 | Somalia, Fed. Rep. | 6.18% | 2025 |
| 11 | Papua New Guinea | 6.04% | 2025 |
| 12 | Switzerland | 5.3% | 2025 |
| 13 | Namibia | 5.18% | 2025 |
| 14 | Lesotho | 4.67% | 2025 |
| 15 | Australia | 4.57% | 2025 |
| 16 | Greece | 4.36% | 2025 |
| 17 | Uganda | 4.25% | 2025 |
| 18 | Croatia | 4.16% | 2025 |
| 19 | Angola | 4.11% | 2025 |
| 20 | Italy | 4.09% | 2025 |
| 21 | New Zealand | 4.08% | 2025 |
| 22 | Guyana | 4% | 2025 |
| 23 | Suriname | 4% | 2025 |
| 24 | Libya | 3.93% | 2025 |
| 25 | Lebanon | 3.62% | 2023 |
| 26 | Sierra Leone | 3.42% | 2025 |
| 27 | Central African Republic | 3.35% | 2025 |
| 28 | Morocco | 3.31% | 2025 |
| 29 | South Africa | 3.29% | 2025 |
| 30 | El Salvador | 3.25% | 2025 |
| 31 | Guinea | 3.23% | 2025 |
| 32 | Tunisia | 3.22% | 2025 |
| 33 | Malaysia | 3.21% | 2025 |
| 34 | Congo, Dem. Rep. | 3.17% | 2025 |
| 35 | Bulgaria | 3.16% | 2025 |
| 36 | Korea, Rep. | 3.16% | 2025 |
| 37 | Mexico | 3.15% | 2025 |
| 38 | Cuba | 3.15% | 2025 |
| 39 | Jamaica | 3.11% | 2025 |
| 40 | Trinidad and Tobago | 3.09% | 2025 |
| 41 | Latvia | 3.04% | 2025 |
| 42 | Spain | 2.99% | 2025 |
| 43 | Brazil | 2.98% | 2025 |
| 44 | France | 2.97% | 2025 |
| 45 | Portugal | 2.96% | 2025 |
| 46 | Eritrea | 2.88% | 2025 |
| 47 | Paraguay | 2.83% | 2025 |
| 48 | Nicaragua | 2.83% | 2025 |
| 49 | Equatorial Guinea | 2.81% | 2025 |
| 50 | Belize | 2.78% | 2025 |
| 51 | Cambodia | 2.75% | 2025 |
| 52 | St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 2.75% | 2025 |
| 53 | United Arab Emirates | 2.75% | 2025 |
| 54 | Brunei Darussalam | 2.73% | 2025 |
| 55 | China | 2.72% | 2025 |
| 56 | Saudi Arabia | 2.67% | 2025 |
| 57 | Luxembourg | 2.66% | 2025 |
| 58 | French Polynesia | 2.58% | 2025 |
| 59 | Bahrain | 2.56% | 2025 |
| 60 | Georgia | 2.56% | 2025 |
| 61 | Iceland | 2.55% | 2025 |
| 62 | Madagascar | 2.54% | 2025 |
| 63 | Cabo Verde | 2.52% | 2025 |
| 64 | Mongolia | 2.52% | 2025 |
| 65 | Poland | 2.48% | 2025 |
| 66 | Albania | 2.47% | 2025 |
| 67 | Yemen, Rep. | 2.45% | 2025 |
| 68 | Austria | 2.43% | 2025 |
| 69 | Korea, Dem. People's Rep. | 2.4% | 2025 |
| 70 | St. Lucia | 2.4% | 2025 |
| 71 | Virgin Islands (US) | 2.4% | 2025 |
| 72 | Costa Rica | 2.36% | 2025 |
| 73 | North Macedonia | 2.33% | 2025 |
| 74 | Tajikistan | 2.32% | 2025 |
| 75 | Serbia | 2.32% | 2025 |
| 76 | Argentina | 2.31% | 2025 |
| 77 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2.3% | 2025 |
| 78 | Estonia | 2.3% | 2025 |
| 79 | New Caledonia | 2.26% | 2025 |
| 80 | Guatemala | 2.21% | 2025 |
| 81 | Peru | 2.2% | 2025 |
| 82 | Venezuela, RB | 2.2% | 2025 |
| 83 | Niger | 2.19% | 2025 |
| 84 | Guam | 2.15% | 2025 |
| 85 | Singapore | 2.14% | 2025 |
| 86 | Algeria | 2.13% | 2025 |
| 87 | Uruguay | 2.12% | 2025 |
| 88 | Eswatini | 2.12% | 2025 |
| 89 | Belgium | 2.11% | 2025 |
| 90 | Dominican Republic | 2.08% | 2025 |
| 91 | Bolivia | 2.07% | 2025 |
| 92 | South Sudan | 2.05% | 2023 |
| 93 | West Bank and Gaza | 2.05% | 2022 |
| 94 | Ireland | 2.02% | 2025 |
| 95 | Channel Islands | 2.01% | 2025 |
| 96 | Germany | 1.98% | 2025 |
| 97 | Hungary | 1.98% | 2025 |
| 98 | Turkmenistan | 1.97% | 2025 |
| 99 | Colombia | 1.91% | 2025 |
| 100 | Macao SAR, China | 1.9% | 2025 |
| 101 | Indonesia | 1.87% | 2025 |
| 102 | Canada | 1.86% | 2025 |
| 103 | Philippines | 1.85% | 2025 |
| 104 | Netherlands | 1.83% | 2025 |
| 105 | Slovenia | 1.8% | 2025 |
| 106 | Chile | 1.77% | 2025 |
| 107 | Türkiye | 1.74% | 2025 |
| 108 | Fiji | 1.73% | 2025 |
| 109 | Puerto Rico (US) | 1.72% | 2025 |
| 110 | Zimbabwe | 1.72% | 2025 |
| 111 | Panama | 1.64% | 2025 |
| 112 | Thailand | 1.63% | 2025 |
| 113 | Montenegro | 1.63% | 2025 |
| 114 | Gambia, The | 1.61% | 2025 |
| 115 | Gabon | 1.6% | 2025 |
| 116 | Sweden | 1.6% | 2025 |
| 117 | Vanuatu | 1.6% | 2025 |
| 118 | Ecuador | 1.54% | 2025 |
| 119 | Malta | 1.53% | 2025 |
| 120 | Samoa | 1.52% | 2025 |
| 121 | Finland | 1.51% | 2025 |
| 122 | Iran, Islamic Rep. | 1.43% | 2025 |
| 123 | Botswana | 1.42% | 2025 |
| 124 | Haiti | 1.41% | 2025 |
| 125 | Israel | 1.37% | 2025 |
| 126 | Myanmar | 1.31% | 2025 |
| 127 | Sudan | 1.3% | 2022 |
| 128 | Czechia | 1.29% | 2025 |
| 129 | Bahamas, The | 1.27% | 2025 |
| 130 | Denmark | 1.27% | 2025 |
| 131 | Iraq | 1.24% | 2025 |
| 132 | Jordan | 1.22% | 2025 |
| 133 | Burkina Faso | 1.22% | 2025 |
| 134 | Slovak Republic | 1.2% | 2025 |
| 135 | United States | 1.18% | 2025 |
| 136 | Tanzania | 1.09% | 2025 |
| 137 | Viet Nam | 1.08% | 2025 |
| 138 | Comoros | 1.08% | 2025 |
| 139 | Egypt, Arab Rep. | 1.04% | 2025 |
| 140 | Malawi | 1.03% | 2025 |
| 141 | Zambia | 1.02% | 2025 |
| 142 | Liberia | 1.01% | 2025 |
| 143 | Maldives | 1% | 2025 |
| 144 | Mauritius | 0.98% | 2025 |
| 145 | Sri Lanka | 0.98% | 2025 |
| 146 | Rwanda | 0.96% | 2025 |
| 147 | Ukraine | 0.95% | 2021 |
| 148 | Cameroon | 0.95% | 2025 |
| 149 | Togo | 0.92% | 2025 |
| 150 | Cyprus | 0.92% | 2025 |
| 151 | Kazakhstan | 0.91% | 2025 |
| 152 | Hong Kong SAR, China | 0.9% | 2025 |
| 153 | United Kingdom | 0.89% | 2025 |
| 154 | Oman | 0.86% | 2025 |
| 155 | Kenya | 0.85% | 2025 |
| 156 | Russian Federation | 0.85% | 2025 |
| 157 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.78% | 2025 |
| 158 | Mauritania | 0.78% | 2025 |
| 159 | Syrian Arab Republic | 0.74% | 2025 |
| 160 | Kuwait | 0.73% | 2025 |
| 161 | Romania | 0.72% | 2025 |
| 162 | Benin | 0.72% | 2025 |
| 163 | Lithuania | 0.69% | 2025 |
| 164 | Bangladesh | 0.68% | 2025 |
| 165 | Mozambique | 0.65% | 2025 |
| 166 | Japan | 0.64% | 2025 |
| 167 | India | 0.61% | 2025 |
| 168 | Burundi | 0.6% | 2025 |
| 169 | Afghanistan | 0.59% | 2025 |
| 170 | Senegal | 0.58% | 2025 |
| 171 | Lao PDR | 0.57% | 2025 |
| 172 | Chad | 0.56% | 2025 |
| 173 | Nepal | 0.53% | 2025 |
| 174 | Qatar | 0.53% | 2025 |
| 175 | Barbados | 0.52% | 2025 |
| 176 | Solomon Islands | 0.5% | 2025 |
| 177 | Congo, Rep. | 0.49% | 2025 |
| 178 | Norway | 0.39% | 2025 |
| 179 | Armenia | 0.37% | 2025 |
| 180 | Bhutan | 0.33% | 2025 |
| 181 | Belarus | 0.3% | 2025 |
| 182 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.3% | 2025 |
| 183 | Mali | 0.21% | 2025 |
| 184 | Kyrgyz Republic | 0.2% | 2025 |
| 185 | Ethiopia | 0.14% | 2025 |
| 186 | Moldova | 0.13% | 2025 |
| 187 | Pakistan | 0.1% | 2025 |
Regions and income groups
More social protection & labor indicators
- Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Employment in agriculture, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, female (%) (national estimate)
- Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%) (national estimate)
- Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) (national estimate)
- Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Employers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Employers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Self-employed, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Reading data like this
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, SL.EMP.MPYR.FE.ZS, CC BY 4.0. Original source: ILO Modelled Estimates database (ILOEST), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: external database, date accessed: January 17, 2026 View on data.worldbank.org; the full definition is in the World Bank's metadata glossary.
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