Peru: Goods and services expense (% of expense)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2021, Peru's goods and services expense (% of expense) rose 2.95 percentage points on 2020 (from 16.64% to 19.59%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2020), the average change was +0.12 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.77 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.6 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 3.69 percentage points in 1976 and the biggest yearly fall was 3.37 percentage points in 2020. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2012 to 2021 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 26% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2021, Peru had the 5th highest value of the 13 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Peru in the 2021 ranking

• Central African Republic — 2nd of 13: 31.7%
• Congo, Rep. — 3rd of 13: 27.07%
• Zambia — 4th of 13: 25.36%
• Maldives — 6th of 13: 19.44%
• Burundi — 7th of 13: 17.8%
• Eswatini — 8th of 13: 16.07%

What this measures

Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services used for the production of market and nonmarket goods and services. Use of goods and services for own account capital formation is excluded. This indicator is expressed as percentage of total expenses which is any decrease in net worth resulting from a transaction.

Limitations: For most countries central government finance data have been consolidated into one account, but for others only budgetary central government accounts are available. Countries reporting budgetary data are noted in the country metadata. Because budgetary accounts may not include all central government units (such as social security funds), they usually provide an incomplete picture. In federal states the central government accounts provide an incomplete view of total public finance. Data on government revenue and expense are collected by the IMF through questionnaires to member countries and by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a median.

All 38 values

Goods and services expense (% of expense) in nearby economies

• Argentina — 3.74% (2023)
• Bahamas, The — 21.62% (2023)
• Barbados — 13.33% (2016)
• Belize — 21.21% (2017)
• Brazil — 2.41% (2023)
• Chile — 7.88% (2023)
• Colombia — 8.04% (2023)
• Costa Rica — 20.76% (2023)
• Dominican Republic — 18.87% (2023)
• Ecuador — 24.59% (2022)

More public sector data for Peru

• Military expenditure (current USD) — 2.6 billion (2025)
• Military expenditure (current LCU) — 9.27 billion (2025)
• Military expenditure (% of GDP) — 0.81% (2025)
• Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values) — 90 million (2025)
• Net investment in nonfinancial assets (current LCU) — 14.11 billion (2021)
• Net investment in nonfinancial assets (% of GDP) — 1.61% (2021)
• Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (current LCU) — -28.47 billion (2021)
• Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) — -3.24% (2021)
• Grants and other revenue (current LCU) — 28.38 billion (2021)
• Grants and other revenue (% of revenue)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Peru's goods and services expense (% of expense)?

19.59% in 2021, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1972?

It is down 7.07 percentage points from 26.67% in 1972. The highest value was 27.34% in 1976 and the lowest 12.94% in 1990.

How does Peru rank?

5th highest of 13 economies with data for 2021.

Is the latest change in goods and services expense (% of expense) unusual for Peru?

In 2021, Peru's goods and services expense (% of expense) rose 2.95 percentage points on 2020 (from 16.64% to 19.59%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2020), the average change was +0.12 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.77 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.6 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator GC.XPN.GSRV.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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