Paraguay: Researchers in R&D (per million people)

Key figures

Over five years it is down 8.85% from 152.28 in 2018 (1.84% a year on average, compounded). Since 2001 it is up 48.57% from 93.42 in 2001 (1.82% a year on average, compounded). The World Bank has no value for 5 of the years in between; the chart leaves those gaps open rather than joining across them.

What the numbers say

In 2023, Paraguay's researchers in R&D (per million people) rose 5.6 on 2022 (from 133.2 to 138.79).

Across the 13 yearly changes before that (2002 to 2022), the average change was +6.17 and a typical year strayed about 44.47 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 129.74 in 2012 and the biggest yearly fall was 67.56 in 2016. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2014 to 2023 the straight-line trend is downward, about 4.05 a year. A straight line explains 34% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2023, Paraguay had the 41st highest value of the 43 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Paraguay in the 2023 ranking

• Costa Rica — 38th of 43: 507.76
• Pakistan — 39th of 43: 473.72
• Venezuela, RB — 40th of 43: 179.96
• Myanmar — 42nd of 43: 28.01
• Guatemala — 43rd of 43: 1.45

What this measures

The number of researchers engaged in Research &Development (R&D), expressed as per million. Researchers are professionals who conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models techniques instrumentation, software of operational methods. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.

Limitations: Estimates of the resources allocated to R&D are affected by national characteristics such as the periodicity and coverage of national R&D surveys across institutional sectors and industries; and the use of different sampling and estimation methods. R&D typically involves a few large performers, hence R&D surveys use various techniques to maintain up-to-date registers of known performers, while attempting to identify new or occasional performers.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 18 values

Researchers in R&D (per million people) in nearby economies

• Argentina — 1,313 (2023)
• Bolivia — 63.06 (2021)
• Chile — 707.06 (2022)
• Costa Rica — 507.76 (2023)
• Guatemala — 1.45 (2023)
• Mexico — 438.25 (2024)
• Panama — 250.47 (2024)
• Uruguay — 937.57 (2024)
• Venezuela, RB — 179.96 (2023)

More infrastructure data for Paraguay

• Fixed telephone subscriptions — 205,511 (2023)
• Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people) — 3 (2023)
• Air transport, registered carrier departures worldwide — 5,926 (2023)
• Air transport, passengers carried — 407,865 (2023)
• Mobile cellular subscriptions — 8.67 million (2023)
• Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) — 126.61 (2023)
• Air transport, freight (million ton-km) — 0.91 (2023)
• ICT service exports (BoP, current US$) — US$523.96 million (2025)
• ICT service exports (% of service exports, BoP) — 14.05% (2025)
• Medium and high-tech exports (% manufactured exports)

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Questions people ask

What is Paraguay's researchers in R&D (per million people)?

138.79 in 2023, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 2001?

It is up 48.57% from 93.42 in 2001 (1.82% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 199.87 in 2015 and the lowest 54.9 in 2011.

How does Paraguay rank?

41st highest of 43 economies with data for 2023.

Is the latest change in researchers in R&D (per million people) unusual for Paraguay?

In 2023, Paraguay's researchers in R&D (per million people) rose 5.6 on 2022 (from 133.2 to 138.79). Across the 13 yearly changes before that (2002 to 2022), the average change was +6.17 and a typical year strayed about 44.47 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SP.POP.SCIE.RD.P6, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), date accessed: 2025-03-26, date published: 2025-02 Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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