Kosovo's ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) was 41.94% in 2024, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 7.63 percentage points from 34.31% in 2014.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 41.94% | 2024 |
| Five years earlier | 34.78% | 2019 |
| Ten years earlier | 34.31% | 2014 |
| Highest | 47.98% | 2002 |
| Lowest | 29.75% | 2018 |
| Average since 2015 | 35.59% | 2015–2024 |
| First recorded | 45.68% | 2000 |
What the numbers say
In 2024, Kosovo's ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) fell 0.06 percentage points on 2023 (from 42% to 41.94%).
Across the 18 yearly changes before that (2003 to 2023), the average change was +0.27 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 3.27 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 6.32 percentage points in 2005 and the biggest yearly fall was 6.84 percentage points in 2003. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 1.48 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 87% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2024, Kosovo had the 21st highest value of the 24 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Kosovo | 41.94% | 2024 |
| Europe & Central Asia | 79.92% | 2025 |
Closest to Kosovo in the 2024 ranking
- Fiji — 18th of 24: 53.09%
- Bangladesh — 19th of 24: 48.03%
- Sri Lanka — 20th of 24: 44.18%
- Egypt, Arab Rep. — 22nd of 24: 33.58%
- Jordan — 23rd of 24: 28.64%
- Iran, Islamic Rep. — 24th of 24: 20.93%
What this measures
Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate is the proportion of female labor force participation relative to male labor force participation. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population ages 15 and older. The labor force is the sum of all persons of working age who are employed and those who are unemployed.
Limitations: Data on the labor force are compiled by the ILO from labor force surveys, censuses, and establishment censuses and surveys. For some countries a combination of these sources is used. Labor force surveys are the most comprehensive source for internationally comparable labor force data. They can cover all non-institutionalized civilians, all branches and sectors of the economy, and all categories of workers, including people holding multiple jobs. By contrast, labor force data from population censuses are often based on a limited number of questions on the economic characteristics of individuals, with little scope to probe.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 22 values
| Year | Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 41.94 |
| 2023 | 42 |
| 2022 | 39.52 |
| 2021 | 38.34 |
| 2020 | 36.66 |
| 2019 | 34.78 |
| 2018 | 29.75 |
| 2017 | 29.97 |
| 2016 | 31.41 |
| 2015 | 31.51 |
Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) in nearby economies
- Albania — 81.88% (2024)
- Armenia — 74.87% (2023)
- Austria — 86.23% (2025)
- Azerbaijan — 88.94% (2022)
- Belarus — 88.23% (2025)
- Belgium — 85.42% (2025)
- Bosnia and Herzegovina — 66.23% (2025)
- Bulgaria — 79.99% (2025)
More social protection & labor data for Kosovo
- Net migration — -18,380 (2025)
- Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) (national estimate) — 18.25% (2024)
- Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) (national estimate) — 7.68% (2024)
- Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (national estimate) — 10.83% (2024)
- Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate) — 18.39% (2024)
- Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%) (national estimate) — 49.52% (2024)
- Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (national estimate) — 33.84% (2024)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (national estimate) — 22.49% (2024)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Kosovo's ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate)?
- 41.94% in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2000?
- It is down 3.74 percentage points from 45.68% in 2000. The highest value was 47.98% in 2002 and the lowest 29.75% in 2018.
- How does Kosovo rank?
- 21st highest of 24 economies with data for 2024.
- Is the latest change in ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) unusual for Kosovo?
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SL.TLF.CACT.FM.NE.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Labour Force Statistics database (LFS), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: estimates based on external database; Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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