Kazakhstan: Trade (% of GDP)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Kazakhstan's trade (% of GDP) fell 5.17 percentage points on 2023 (from 62.33% to 57.16%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was −0.74 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 8.53 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.5 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 23.12 percentage points in 2000 and the biggest yearly fall was 64.7 percentage points in 1993. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 12% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Kazakhstan had the 27th highest value of the 33 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Kazakhstan in the 2024 ranking

• French Polynesia — 24th of 33: 64.47%
• Zambia — 25th of 33: 62.53%
• Tajikistan — 26th of 33: 59.09%
• New Zealand — 28th of 33: 50.66%
• Bolivia — 29th of 33: 46.98%
• Japan — 30th of 33: 44.85%

What this measures

Trade is the sum of exports and imports of goods and services. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 33 values

Trade (% of GDP) in nearby economies

• Albania — 79.53% (2025)
• Armenia — 101.71% (2025)
• Austria — 107.02% (2025)
• Azerbaijan — 79.83% (2025)
• Belarus — 112.11% (2025)
• Belgium — 152.92% (2025)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 95.12% (2025)
• Bulgaria — 102.51% (2025)
• Croatia — 100.99% (2025)
• Cyprus — 189.5% (2025)
• Czechia — 128.04% (2025)
• Denmark — 129.22% (2025)
• Estonia

More economic policy & debt data for Kazakhstan

• Adjusted savings, education expenditure (% of GNI) — 3.26% (2021)
• Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$11.25 billion (2021)
• Adjusted savings, energy depletion (current US$) — US$15.12 billion (2021)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$) — US$12.34 billion (2025)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant LCU) — 906.89 billion (2025)
• Industry, including construction, value added (constant 2015 US$) — US$89.74 billion (2025)
• Industry, including construction, value added (constant LCU) — 6.82 trillion (2025)
• Services, value added (constant 2015 US$) — US$143.89 billion (2025)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Kazakhstan's trade (% of GDP)?

57.16% in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1992?

It is down 92.18 percentage points from 149.34% in 1992. The highest value was 149.34% in 1992 and the lowest 53.05% in 2015.

How does Kazakhstan rank?

27th highest of 33 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in trade (% of GDP) unusual for Kazakhstan?

In 2024, Kazakhstan's trade (% of GDP) fell 5.17 percentage points on 2023 (from 62.33% to 57.16%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was −0.74 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 8.53 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.5 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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