Turkmenistan: Trade (% of GDP)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Turkmenistan's trade (% of GDP) fell 0.57 percentage points on 2024 (from 28.73% to 28.17%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −4.72 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 15.2 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 40.76 percentage points in 1993 and the biggest yearly fall was 48.83 percentage points in 1997. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is downward, about 2.64 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 72% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2025, Turkmenistan had the 133rd highest value of the 137 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Turkmenistan in the 2025 ranking

• Ethiopia — 129th of 137: 33.46%
• Cameroon — 130th of 137: 33.38%
• Argentina — 131st of 137: 30.36%
• Bangladesh — 133rd of 137: 27.95%
• Pakistan — 134th of 137: 27.19%
• Venezuela, RB — 135th of 137: 25.01%

What this measures

Trade is the sum of exports and imports of goods and services. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 35 values

Trade (% of GDP) in nearby economies

• Albania — 79.53% (2025)
• Armenia — 101.71% (2025)
• Austria — 107.02% (2025)
• Azerbaijan — 79.83% (2025)
• Belarus — 112.11% (2025)
• Belgium — 152.92% (2025)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 95.12% (2025)
• Bulgaria — 102.51% (2025)
• Croatia — 100.99% (2025)
• Cyprus — 189.5% (2025)
• Czechia — 128.04% (2025)
• Denmark — 129.22% (2025)
• Estonia

More economic policy & debt data for Turkmenistan

• Adjusted savings, education expenditure (% of GNI) — 2.32% (2021)
• Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$0 (2021)
• Adjusted savings, energy depletion (current US$) — US$4.57 billion (2021)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$) — US$6.16 billion (2025)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current LCU) — 33.47 billion (2025)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) — 12.36% (2025)
• Industry, including construction, value added (current US$) — US$17.93 billion (2025)
• Industry, including construction, value added (current LCU) — 97.45 billion (2025)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Turkmenistan's trade (% of GDP)?

28.17% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1991?

It is down 37.94 percentage points from 66.1% in 1991. The highest value was 170.26% in 1994 and the lowest 28.17% in 2025.

How does Turkmenistan rank?

133rd highest of 137 economies with data for 2025.

Is the latest change in trade (% of GDP) unusual for Turkmenistan?

In 2025, Turkmenistan's trade (% of GDP) fell 0.57 percentage points on 2024 (from 28.73% to 28.17%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −4.72 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 15.2 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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