Tonga: Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Tonga's households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) fell 3.61 percentage points on 2023 (from 99.82% to 96.21%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +0.26 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 5.17 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.7 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 17.95 percentage points in 1983 and the biggest yearly fall was 11.81 percentage points in 1992. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 14% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Tonga had the 3rd highest value of the 36 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Tonga in the 2024 ranking

• Lebanon — 1st of 36: 129.25%
• Kiribati — 2nd of 36: 103.8%
• Tajikistan — 4th of 36: 92.66%
• Cuba — 5th of 36: 90.88%
• Zimbabwe — 6th of 36: 84.43%

What this measures

This field includes expenditure on goods and services by the Household and NPISH sector for the direct satisfaction of human needs or wants, whether individual or collective. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Limitations: Because policymakers have tended to focus on fostering the growth of output, and because data on production are easier to collect than data on spending, many countries generate their primary estimate of GDP using the production approach. Moreover, many countries do not estimate all the components of national expenditures but instead derive some of the main aggregates indirectly using GDP (based on the production approach) as the control total. Household final consumption expenditure is often estimated as a residual, by subtracting all other known expenditures from GDP. The resulting aggregate may incorporate fairly large discrepancies.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 50 values

Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) in nearby economies

• American Samoa — 71.3% (2022)
• Australia — 51.85% (2025)
• Brunei Darussalam — 29.31% (2025)
• Cambodia — 58.25% (2025)
• China — 39.97% (2024)
• Fiji — 70.38% (2024)
• French Polynesia — 73.7% (2024)
• Guam — 59.91% (2022)
• Hong Kong SAR, China

More economic policy & debt data for Tonga

• Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$) — US$121.36 million (2023)
• Technical cooperation grants (BoP, current US$) — US$9.6 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) — US$129.55 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2023 US$) — US$129.55 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance received (current US$) — US$129.55 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance received (constant 2023 US$) — US$129.55 million (2023)
• Net ODA received per capita (current US$) — US$1,239 (2023)
• Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Total (current US$) — US$108.76 million (2023)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Tonga's households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)?

96.21% in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1975?

It is up 7.31 percentage points from 88.9% in 1975. The highest value was 106.87% in 1983 and the lowest 84.48% in 2021.

How does Tonga rank?

3rd highest of 36 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) unusual for Tonga?

In 2024, Tonga's households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) fell 3.61 percentage points on 2023 (from 99.82% to 96.21%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +0.26 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 5.17 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.7 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.CON.PRVT.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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