Tonga's GNI (annual % growth) was 4.21% in 2024, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 7.01 percentage points from -2.8% in 2014.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 4.21% | 2024 |
| Five years earlier | 4.04% | 2019 |
| Ten years earlier | -2.8% | 2014 |
| Highest | 17.4% | 2016 |
| Lowest | -11.61% | 2009 |
| Average since 2015 | 3.01% | 2015–2024 |
| First recorded | -0.05% | 1995 |
What the numbers say
In 2024, Tonga's GNI (annual % growth) rose 1.18 percentage points on 2023 (from 3.03% to 4.21%).
Across the 28 yearly changes before that (1996 to 2023), the average change was +0.11 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 10.1 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 25.73 percentage points in 2008 and the biggest yearly fall was 27.51 percentage points in 2009. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2015 to 2024 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 19% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2024, Tonga had the 13th highest value of the 47 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Tonga | 4.21% | 2024 |
| World | 2.51% | 2024 |
Closest to Tonga in the 2024 ranking
- Albania — 9th of 47: 5.35%
- Lithuania — 10th of 47: 5.31%
- Solomon Islands — 11th of 47: 5.03%
- Belize — 13th of 47: 3.94%
- Spain — 14th of 47: 3.83%
- Bahamas, The — 15th of 47: 3.71%
What this measures
Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 30 values
| Year | GNI (annual % growth) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 4.21 |
| 2023 | 3.03 |
| 2022 | -4.1 |
| 2021 | -0.7929 |
| 2020 | 0.1152 |
| 2019 | 4.04 |
| 2018 | -1.04 |
| 2017 | 3.48 |
| 2016 | 17.4 |
| 2015 | 3.73 |
| 2014 |
GNI (annual % growth) in nearby economies
- Brunei Darussalam — -1.3% (2025)
- Cambodia — 5.23% (2025)
- Indonesia — 5.02% (2025)
- Japan — 0.64% (2024)
- Kiribati — 3.27% (2024)
- Korea, Rep. — 2.11% (2025)
- Lao PDR — 13.62% (2016)
- Macao SAR, China — 9.97% (2024)
- Malaysia — 6.49% (2025)
- Marshall Islands — 1.01% (2024)
- Mongolia — 8.4% (2025)
- New Zealand
More economic policy & debt data for Tonga
- Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$) — US$121.36 million (2023)
- Technical cooperation grants (BoP, current US$) — US$9.6 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) — US$129.55 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2023 US$) — US$129.55 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance received (current US$) — US$129.55 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance received (constant 2023 US$) — US$129.55 million (2023)
- Net ODA received per capita (current US$) — US$1,239 (2023)
- Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Total (current US$) — US$108.76 million (2023)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Tonga's GNI (annual % growth)?
- 4.21% in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1995?
- It is up 4.26 percentage points from -0.05% in 1995. The highest value was 17.4% in 2016 and the lowest -11.61% in 2009.
- How does Tonga rank?
- 13th highest of 47 economies with data for 2024.
- Is the latest change in GNI (annual % growth) unusual for Tonga?
- In 2024, Tonga's GNI (annual % growth) rose 1.18 percentage points on 2023 (from 3.03% to 4.21%). Across the 28 yearly changes before that (1996 to 2023), the average change was +0.11 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 10.1 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.GNP.MKTP.KD.ZG, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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