Timor-Leste's external debt stocks (% of GNI) was 15.37% in 2024, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 12.24 percentage points from 3.13% in 2014.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 15.37% | 2024 |
| Five years earlier | 7.09% | 2019 |
| Ten years earlier | 3.13% | 2014 |
| Highest | 15.37% | 2024 |
| Lowest | 1.76% | 2012 |
| Average since 2015 | 8.27% | 2015–2024 |
| First recorded | 1.76% | 2012 |
What the numbers say
In 2024, Timor-Leste's external debt stocks (% of GNI) rose 2.81 percentage points on 2023 (from 12.56% to 15.37%).
Across the 11 yearly changes before that (2013 to 2023), the average change was +0.98 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.41 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 3.14 percentage points in 2023 and the biggest yearly fall was 1.74 percentage points in 2021. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 1.14 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 89% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2024, Timor-Leste had the 102nd highest value of the 110 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Timor-Leste | 15.37% | 2024 |
| Lower middle income | 30.09% | 2024 |
Closest to Timor-Leste in the 2024 ranking
- Congo, Dem. Rep. — 98th of 110: 18.25%
- Azerbaijan — 99th of 110: 17.04%
- Chad — 100th of 110: 16.4%
- Myanmar — 102nd of 110: 15.28%
- Somalia, Fed. Rep. — 103rd of 110: 14.92%
- China — 104th of 110: 13%
What this measures
Total external debt stocks to gross national income. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 13 values
| Year | External debt stocks (% of GNI) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 15.37 |
| 2023 | 12.56 |
| 2022 | 9.42 |
| 2021 | 8.04 |
| 2020 | 9.79 |
| 2019 | 7.09 |
| 2018 | 7.07 |
| 2017 | 5.52 |
| 2016 | 3.64 |
| 2015 | 4.19 |
| 2014 |
External debt stocks (% of GNI) in nearby economies
- Cambodia — 46.11% (2024)
- China — 13% (2024)
- Fiji — 71.39% (2024)
- Indonesia — 30.97% (2024)
- Lao PDR — 115.4% (2024)
- Mongolia — 181.86% (2024)
- Myanmar — 15.28% (2024)
- Papua New Guinea — 41.89% (2024)
- Philippines — 26.26% (2024)
- Samoa — 37.56% (2024)
- Solomon Islands — 33.83% (2024)
More economic policy & debt data for Timor-Leste
- Short-term debt (% of total external debt) — 0.43% (2024)
- IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, current US$) — −US$750,000 (2024)
- Adjusted savings, education expenditure (% of GNI) — 3.19% (2021)
- Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$0 (2021)
- Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$) — US$221.69 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) — US$259.94 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2023 US$) — US$259.94 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance received (current US$) — US$259.94 million (2023)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Timor-Leste's external debt stocks (% of GNI)?
- 15.37% in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2012?
- It is up 13.6 percentage points from 1.76% in 2012. The highest value was 15.37% in 2024 and the lowest 1.76% in 2012.
- How does Timor-Leste rank?
- 102nd highest of 110 economies with data for 2024.
- Is the latest change in external debt stocks (% of GNI) unusual for Timor-Leste?
- In 2024, Timor-Leste's external debt stocks (% of GNI) rose 2.81 percentage points on 2023 (from 12.56% to 15.37%). Across the 11 yearly changes before that (2013 to 2023), the average change was +0.98 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.41 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Debt Statistics, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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