Mongolia: External debt stocks (% of GNI)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Mongolia's external debt stocks (% of GNI) fell 11.77 percentage points on 2023 (from 193.63% to 181.86%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +4.71 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 22.73 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.7 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 43.72 percentage points in 2017 and the biggest yearly fall was 50.46 percentage points in 2022. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is downward, about 7.58 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 37% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Mongolia had the 3rd highest value of the 110 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Mongolia in the 2024 ranking

• Mozambique — 1st of 110: 350.57%
• Senegal — 3rd of 110: 150.69%
• Mauritius — 4th of 110: 123.17%
• Lao PDR — 5th of 110: 115.4%

What this measures

Total external debt stocks to gross national income. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 33 values

External debt stocks (% of GNI) in nearby economies

• Cambodia — 46.11% (2024)
• China — 13% (2024)
• Fiji — 71.39% (2024)
• Indonesia — 30.97% (2024)
• Lao PDR — 115.4% (2024)
• Myanmar — 15.28% (2024)
• Papua New Guinea — 41.89% (2024)
• Philippines — 26.26% (2024)
• Samoa — 37.56% (2024)
• Solomon Islands — 33.83% (2024)
• Thailand — 37.49% (2024)

More economic policy & debt data for Mongolia

• Adjusted savings, education expenditure (% of GNI) — 4.58% (2021)
• Adjusted savings, net forest depletion (current US$) — US$0 (2021)
• Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$1.5 billion (2021)
• Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) — US$260.17 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2023 US$) — US$260.17 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance received (current US$) — US$260.17 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance received (constant 2023 US$) — US$260.17 million (2023)
• Net ODA received per capita (current US$) — US$74.74 (2023)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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Questions people ask

What is Mongolia's external debt stocks (% of GNI)?

181.86% in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1992?

It is up 154.37 percentage points from 27.49% in 1992. The highest value was 301.21% in 2017 and the lowest 27.49% in 1992.

How does Mongolia rank?

3rd highest of 110 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in external debt stocks (% of GNI) unusual for Mongolia?

In 2024, Mongolia's external debt stocks (% of GNI) fell 11.77 percentage points on 2023 (from 193.63% to 181.86%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +4.71 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 22.73 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.7 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Debt Statistics, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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