Serbia: Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Serbia's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) fell 0.96 percentage points on 2024 (from 23.8% to 22.84%).

Across the 29 yearly changes before that (1996 to 2024), the average change was +0.45 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.76 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.8 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 2.83 percentage points in 2002 and the biggest yearly fall was 4.87 percentage points in 2009. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about 0.72 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 76% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2025, Serbia had the 58th highest value of the 126 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Serbia in the 2025 ranking

• Russian Federation — 54th of 126: 23.09%
• Lithuania — 55th of 126: 22.94%
• Canada — 56th of 126: 22.9%
• Philippines — 58th of 126: 22.74%
• Thailand — 59th of 126: 22.66%
• Mexico — 60th of 126: 22.41%

What this measures

Gross fixed capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of fixed assets during the accounting period, including certain specified expenditures on services that add to the value of non-produced assets. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 31 values

Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) in nearby economies

• Albania — 24.27% (2025)
• Armenia — 21.42% (2025)
• Austria — 23.53% (2025)
• Azerbaijan — 16.29% (2025)
• Belarus — 25.08% (2025)
• Belgium — 23.89% (2025)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 24.37% (2024)
• Bulgaria — 20.13% (2025)
• Croatia — 25.73% (2025)
• Cyprus — 20.03% (2025)

More economic policy & debt data for Serbia

• External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) — US$51.98 billion (2024)
• Use of IMF credit (DOD, current US$) — US$2.64 billion (2024)
• External debt stocks, long-term (DOD, current US$) — US$48.35 billion (2024)
• External debt stocks, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (DOD, current US$) — US$20.37 billion (2024)
• External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (DOD, current US$) — US$27.97 billion (2024)
• External debt stocks, short-term (DOD, current US$) — US$1 billion (2024)
• Short-term debt (% of total external debt) — 1.92% (2024)
• PPG, IBRD (DOD, current US$) — US$2.31 billion (2024)
• IBRD loans and IDA credits (DOD, current US$)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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Questions people ask

What is Serbia's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)?

22.84% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1995?

It is up 12.2 percentage points from 10.64% in 1995. The highest value was 23.91% in 2022 and the lowest 10.39% in 1996.

How does Serbia rank?

58th highest of 126 economies with data for 2025.

Is the latest change in gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) unusual for Serbia?

In 2025, Serbia's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) fell 0.96 percentage points on 2024 (from 23.8% to 22.84%). Across the 29 yearly changes before that (1996 to 2024), the average change was +0.45 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.76 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.8 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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