Marshall Islands's net ODA received (% of GNI) was 39.77% in 2023, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 2.5 percentage points from 42.26% in 2013.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 39.77% | 2023 |
| Five years earlier | 20.31% | 2018 |
| Ten years earlier | 42.26% | 2013 |
| Highest | 63.75% | 2020 |
| Lowest | 0.27% | 1991 |
| Average since 2014 | 31.27% | 2014–2023 |
| First recorded | 0.27% | 1991 |
What the numbers say
In 2023, Marshall Islands' net ODA received (% of GNI) fell 7.69 percentage points on 2022 (from 47.45% to 39.77%).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2022), the average change was +1.42 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 15.48 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 40.4 percentage points in 2020 and the biggest yearly fall was 26.34 percentage points in 2021. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2014 to 2023 the straight-line trend is upward, about 3.51 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 42% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2023, Marshall Islands had the 2nd highest value of the 130 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Marshall Islands | 39.77% | 2023 |
| World | 0.24% | 2023 |
| East Asia & Pacific | 0.03% | 2023 |
| Upper middle income | 0.19% | 2023 |
Closest to Marshall Islands in the 2023 ranking
- Tuvalu — 1st of 130: 101.78%
- Central African Republic — 3rd of 130: 27.25%
- Micronesia, Fed. Sts. — 4th of 130: 25.09%
- Ukraine — 5th of 130: 20.9%
What this measures
Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).
Limitations: Data on ODA is for aid-receiving countries. The data cover loans and grants from DAC member countries, multilateral organizations, and non-DAC donors. They do not reflect aid given by recipient countries to other developing countries. As a result, some countries that are net donors are shown as aid recipients. The indicator does not distinguish types of aid (program, project, or food aid; emergency assistance; or post-conflict peacekeeping assistance), which may have different effects on the economy. Ratio of aid to gross national income (GNI) provides measures of recipient country's dependency on aid. But care must be taken in drawing policy conclusions.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 33 values
| Year | Net ODA received (% of GNI) |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 39.77 |
| 2022 | 47.45 |
| 2021 | 37.41 |
| 2020 | 63.75 |
| 2019 | 23.35 |
| 2018 | 20.31 |
| 2017 | 27.76 |
| 2016 | 4.92 |
| 2015 | 23.56 |
| 2014 | 24.46 |
| 2013 |
Net ODA received (% of GNI) in nearby economies
More economic policy & debt data for Marshall Islands
- GDP (current US$) — US$308 million (2025)
- GDP (current LCU) — 308 million (2025)
- GDP (constant 2015 US$) — US$224 million (2025)
- GDP (constant LCU) — 224 million (2025)
- GDP per capita (current US$) — US$8,489 (2025)
- GDP per capita (current LCU) — 8,489 (2025)
- GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$) — US$6,174 (2025)
- GDP per capita (constant LCU) — 6,174 (2025)
- GNI (current US$) — US$364 million (2025)
- GNI (current LCU) — 364 million (2025)
- GNI per capita (current LCU)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Marshall Islands's net ODA received (% of GNI)?
- 39.77% in 2023, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1991?
- It is up 39.5 percentage points from 0.27% in 1991. The highest value was 63.75% in 2020 and the lowest 0.27% in 1991.
- How does Marshall Islands rank?
- 2nd highest of 130 economies with data for 2023.
- Is the latest change in net ODA received (% of GNI) unusual for Marshall Islands?
- In 2023, Marshall Islands' net ODA received (% of GNI) fell 7.69 percentage points on 2022 (from 47.45% to 39.77%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2022), the average change was +1.42 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 15.48 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator DT.ODA.ODAT.GN.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Development Assistance Committee, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), uri: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline; Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), uri: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/ids… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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