Macao SAR, China: Technicians in R&D (per million people)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2018, Macao SAR, China's technicians in R&D (per million people) fell 35.55 on 2017 (from 218.01 to 182.46).

Across the 16 yearly changes before that (2002 to 2017), the average change was +3.08 and a typical year strayed about 268.12 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 361.46 in 2015 and the biggest yearly fall was 946.62 in 2016. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2009 to 2018 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 14% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2018, Macao SAR, China had the 12th highest value of the 22 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Macao SAR, China in the 2018 ranking

• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 8th of 22: 369.56
• Hong Kong SAR, China — 9th of 22: 315.8
• Malaysia — 10th of 22: 233.44
• Ukraine — 12th of 22: 150.14
• Kazakhstan — 13th of 22: 123.86
• North Macedonia — 14th of 22: 91.12

What this measures

The number of technicians participated in Research & Development (R&D), expressed as per million. Technicians and equivalent staff are people who perform scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts and operational methods, normally under the supervision of researchers. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.

Limitations: Estimates of the resources allocated to R&D are affected by national characteristics such as the periodicity and coverage of national R&D surveys across institutional sectors and industries; and the use of different sampling and estimation methods. R&D typically involves a few large performers, hence R&D surveys use various techniques to maintain up-to-date registers of known performers, while attempting to identify new or occasional performers.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 18 values

Technicians in R&D (per million people) in nearby economies

• Hong Kong SAR, China — 315.8 (2018)
• Japan — 524.29 (2018)
• Korea, Rep. — 1,311 (2018)
• Malaysia — 233.44 (2018)
• New Zealand — 1,276 (2017)
• Singapore — 377.37 (2017)
• Thailand — 296.94 (2017)

More infrastructure data for Macao SAR, China

• Fixed telephone subscriptions — 81,260 (2024)
• Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people) — 11.28 (2024)
• Mobile cellular subscriptions — 1.45 million (2024)
• Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) — 201.14 (2024)
• Medium and high-tech exports (% manufactured exports) — 0.15% (2024)
• Individuals using the Internet (% of population) — 89.83% (2024)
• Fixed broadband subscriptions — 215,037 (2024)
• Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people) — 29.86 (2024)
• ICT goods imports (% total goods imports) — 12.5% (2024)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Macao SAR, China's technicians in R&D (per million people)?

182.46 in 2018, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 2001?

It is up 8.13% from 168.75 in 2001 (0.46% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 1,107 in 2015 and the lowest 160.68 in 2016.

How does Macao SAR, China rank?

12th highest of 22 economies with data for 2018.

Is the latest change in technicians in R&D (per million people) unusual for Macao SAR, China?

In 2018, Macao SAR, China's technicians in R&D (per million people) fell 35.55 on 2017 (from 218.01 to 182.46). Across the 16 yearly changes before that (2002 to 2017), the average change was +3.08 and a typical year strayed about 268.12 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SP.POP.TECH.RD.P6, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS), UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: http://uis.unesco.org, note: Data as of March 2021, publisher: UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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