Kazakhstan: GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $)

Key figures

Over five years it is up 26.33% from 558.89 billion in 2019 (4.79% a year on average, compounded). Since 1993 it is up 245.26% from 204.5 billion in 1993 (4.08% a year on average, compounded).

What the numbers say

In 2024, Kazakhstan's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) rose 6.5% on 2023 (from 662.67 billion to 706.05 billion).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +4.3% and a typical year strayed about 8.2% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 15.2% in 2011 and the biggest yearly fall was 17% in 1995. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 24.4 billion a year. A straight line explains 91% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

A straight-line projection, tested first

Extending that straight line gives about 721.99 billion for 2027. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2022 to 2024 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was 78.72 billion, against 102.96 billion for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.

See how a linear trend forecast works and the guide on forecasting without fooling yourself.

How it compares

In 2024, Kazakhstan had the 8th highest value of the 48 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Kazakhstan in the 2024 ranking

• Spain — 5th of 48: 2.37 trillion
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 6th of 48: 1.47 trillion
• Belgium — 7th of 48: 746.79 billion
• Austria — 9th of 48: 572.56 billion
• Iraq — 10th of 48: 551.26 billion
• Czechia — 11th of 48: 505.5 billion

What this measures

This indicator provides values for gross national income (GNI) expressed in constant international dollars, converted by purchasing power parities (PPPs). PPPs account for the different price levels across countries and thus PPP-based comparisons of economic output are more appropriate for comparing the output of economies and the average material well-being of their inhabitants than exchange-rate based comparisons. Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2021. The PPP conversion factor is a currency conversion factor and a spatial price deflator. PPPs convert different currencies to a common currency and, in the process of conversion, equalize their purchasing power by eliminating the differences in price levels between countries, thereby allowing volume or output comparisons of GDP and its expenditure components.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 32 values

GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) in nearby economies

• Albania — 53.24 billion (2024)
• Armenia — 63.08 billion (2025)
• Austria — 572.56 billion (2024)
• Belarus — 273.61 billion (2025)
• Belgium — 746.79 billion (2024)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 66.37 billion (2025)
• Bulgaria — 214.02 billion (2025)
• Croatia — 171.06 billion (2025)
• Cyprus — 47.62 billion (2025)
• Czechia — 505.5 billion (2024)
• Denmark — 429.86 billion (2025)
• Estonia — 56.58 billion (2024)
• Finland — 314.91 billion (2025)
• France — 3.78 trillion (2024)
• Georgia — 97.28 billion (2025)

More economic policy & debt data for Kazakhstan

• Adjusted savings, education expenditure (% of GNI) — 3.26% (2021)
• Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$11.25 billion (2021)
• Adjusted savings, energy depletion (current US$) — US$15.12 billion (2021)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$) — US$12.34 billion (2025)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant LCU) — 906.89 billion (2025)
• Industry, including construction, value added (constant 2015 US$) — US$89.74 billion (2025)
• Industry, including construction, value added (constant LCU) — 6.82 trillion (2025)
• Services, value added (constant 2015 US$) — US$143.89 billion (2025)
• Services, value added (constant LCU) — 10.05 trillion (2025)
• Gross Value Added (GVA) at basic prices (constant 2015 US$) — US$246.8 billion (2025)
• Gross Value Added (GVA) at basic prices (constant LCU) — 17.25 trillion (2025)
• GDP (current US$) — US$306.24 billion (2025)
• GDP (current LCU) — 159.56 trillion (2025)
• GDP, linked series (current LCU) — 159.56 trillion (2025)
• GDP (constant 2015 US$) — US$260.38 billion (2025)

Every indicator for Kazakhstan is on the Kazakhstan data page.

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Kazakhstan's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $)?

706.05 billion in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1993?

It is up 245.26% from 204.5 billion in 1993 (4.08% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 706.05 billion in 2024 and the lowest 140.58 billion in 1996.

How does Kazakhstan rank?

8th highest of 48 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) unusual for Kazakhstan?

In 2024, Kazakhstan's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) rose 6.5% on 2023 (from 662.67 billion to 706.05 billion). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +4.3% and a typical year strayed about 8.2% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Where is Kazakhstan's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) heading?

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 24.4 billion a year. A straight line explains 91% of the movement over 10 observed years. Extending that straight line gives about 721.99 billion for 2027. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2022 to 2024 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was 78.72 billion, against 102.96 billion for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.

Where does this data come from?

The World Bank's World Development Indicators, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Comparison Program (ICP), World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/icp/data, note: This information is for ICP’s PPPs utilized in WDI, publisher: International Comparison Program (ICP), date accessed: May 30, 2024, date published: May 30, 2024; The Eurostat PPP Progr….

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.GNP.MKTP.PP.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Comparison Program (ICP), World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/icp/data, note: This information is for ICP’s PPPs utilized in WDI, publisher: International Comparison Program (ICP), date accessed: May 30, 2024, date published: May 30, 2024; The Eurostat PPP Progr… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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