Estonia: GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Estonia's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) rose 0.6% on 2023 (from 56.24 billion to 56.58 billion).

Across the 23 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2023), the average change was +4% and a typical year strayed about 5.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 11.9% in 2005 and the biggest yearly fall was 11.6% in 2009. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 1.06 billion a year. A straight line explains 75% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Estonia had the 32nd highest value of the 48 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Estonia in the 2024 ranking

• Latvia — 29th of 48: 68.82 billion
• Lebanon — 30th of 48: 59.99 billion
• Luxembourg — 31st of 48: 57.57 billion
• Albania — 33rd of 48: 53.24 billion
• Botswana — 34th of 48: 44.88 billion
• Iceland — 35th of 48: 26.05 billion

What this measures

This indicator provides values for gross national income (GNI) expressed in constant international dollars, converted by purchasing power parities (PPPs). PPPs account for the different price levels across countries and thus PPP-based comparisons of economic output are more appropriate for comparing the output of economies and the average material well-being of their inhabitants than exchange-rate based comparisons. Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2021. The PPP conversion factor is a currency conversion factor and a spatial price deflator. PPPs convert different currencies to a common currency and, in the process of conversion, equalize their purchasing power by eliminating the differences in price levels between countries, thereby allowing volume or output comparisons of GDP and its expenditure components.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 25 values

GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) in nearby economies

• Albania — 53.24 billion (2024)
• Armenia — 63.08 billion (2025)
• Austria — 572.56 billion (2024)
• Belarus — 273.61 billion (2025)
• Belgium — 746.79 billion (2024)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 66.37 billion (2025)
• Bulgaria — 214.02 billion (2025)
• Croatia — 171.06 billion (2025)
• Cyprus — 47.62 billion (2025)
• Czechia — 505.5 billion (2024)

More economic policy & debt data for Estonia

• Adjusted savings, education expenditure (% of GNI) — 4.76% (2021)
• Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$0 (2021)
• Adjusted savings, energy depletion (current US$) — US$274.52 million (2021)
• Net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$) — US$0 (2016)
• GDP (current LCU) — 41.62 billion (2025)
• GDP, linked series (current LCU) — 41.62 billion (2025)
• GDP (constant 2015 US$) — US$27.72 billion (2025)
• GDP (constant LCU) — 29.11 billion (2025)
• GDP, PPP (current international $) — 71.2 billion (2025)
• GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Estonia's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $)?

56.58 billion in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 2000?

It is up 141.33% from 23.44 billion in 2000 (3.74% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 57.74 billion in 2022 and the lowest 23.44 billion in 2000.

How does Estonia rank?

32nd highest of 48 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) unusual for Estonia?

In 2024, Estonia's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) rose 0.6% on 2023 (from 56.24 billion to 56.58 billion). Across the 23 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2023), the average change was +4% and a typical year strayed about 5.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.GNP.MKTP.PP.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Comparison Program (ICP), World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/icp/data, note: This information is for ICP’s PPPs utilized in WDI, publisher: International Comparison Program (ICP), date accessed: May 30, 2024, date published: May 30, 2024; The Eurostat PPP Progr… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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