Indonesia's ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) was 64.96% in 2023, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 3.8 percentage points from 61.16% in 2013.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 64.96% | 2023 |
| Five years earlier | 64.6% | 2018 |
| Ten years earlier | 61.16% | 2013 |
| Highest | 65.31% | 2019 |
| Lowest | 35.03% | 1961 |
| Average since 2014 | 63.86% | 2014–2023 |
| First recorded | 35.03% | 1961 |
What the numbers say
In 2023, Indonesia's ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) rose 0.51 percentage points on 2022 (from 64.45% to 64.96%).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2022), the average change was +0.12 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.24 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 4.7 percentage points in 1978 and the biggest yearly fall was 11.36 percentage points in 1977. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2014 to 2023 the straight-line trend is upward, about 0.45 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 73% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
Closest to Indonesia in the 2023 ranking
- Namibia — 4th of 9: 83.18%
- Armenia — 5th of 9: 74.87%
- Tonga — 6th of 9: 69.98%
- Kyrgyz Republic — 8th of 9: 61.11%
- Tunisia — 9th of 9: 41.11%
What this measures
Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate is the proportion of female labor force participation relative to male labor force participation. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population ages 15 and older. The labor force is the sum of all persons of working age who are employed and those who are unemployed.
Limitations: Data on the labor force are compiled by the ILO from labor force surveys, censuses, and establishment censuses and surveys. For some countries a combination of these sources is used. Labor force surveys are the most comprehensive source for internationally comparable labor force data. They can cover all non-institutionalized civilians, all branches and sectors of the economy, and all categories of workers, including people holding multiple jobs. By contrast, labor force data from population censuses are often based on a limited number of questions on the economic characteristics of individuals, with little scope to probe.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 42 values
| Year | Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 64.96 |
| 2022 | 64.45 |
| 2021 | 65.3 |
| 2020 | 65.14 |
| 2019 | 65.31 |
| 2018 | 64.6 |
| 2017 | 63.71 |
| 2016 | 62.31 |
| 2015 | 61.55 |
| 2014 | 61.22 |
Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) in nearby economies
- Australia — 89.35% (2025)
- Brunei Darussalam — 76.51% (2025)
- Cambodia — 87.07% (2025)
- Fiji — 53.09% (2024)
- Hong Kong SAR, China — 84.55% (2025)
- Japan — 78.66% (2025)
- Korea, Rep. — 78.79% (2025)
- Macao SAR, China — 86.38% (2016)
More social protection & labor data for Indonesia
- Net migration — -39,509 (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of asylum — 7,374 (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of origin — 9,215 (2025)
- Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (national estimate) — 52.97% (2023)
- Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) (national estimate) — 81.54% (2023)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (national estimate) — 67.35% (2023)
- Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) (national estimate) — 3.15% (2023)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Indonesia's ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate)?
- 64.96% in 2023, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1961?
- It is up 29.93 percentage points from 35.03% in 1961. The highest value was 65.31% in 2019 and the lowest 35.03% in 1961.
- Is the latest change in ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) unusual for Indonesia?
- In 2023, Indonesia's ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) rose 0.51 percentage points on 2022 (from 64.45% to 64.96%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2022), the average change was +0.12 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.24 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SL.TLF.CACT.FM.NE.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Labour Force Statistics database (LFS), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: estimates based on external database; Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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