India's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) was 31.68% in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 2.95 percentage points from 28.73% in 2015.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 31.68% | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | 27.32% | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | 28.73% | 2015 |
| Highest | 35.81% | 2007 |
| Lowest | 14.46% | 1960 |
| Average since 2016 | 29.88% | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | 14.46% | 1960 |
What the numbers say
In 2025, India's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) rose 0.04 percentage points on 2024 (from 31.64% to 31.68%).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +0.28 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.57 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 3.91 percentage points in 2001 and the biggest yearly fall was 2.14 percentage points in 2013. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about 0.5 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 65% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2025, India had the 9th highest value of the 126 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| India | 31.68% | 2025 |
| World | 25.62% | 2024 |
| South Asia | 31.04% | 2025 |
| Lower middle income | 28.86% | 2025 |
Closest to India in the 2025 ranking
What this measures
Gross fixed capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of fixed assets during the accounting period, including certain specified expenditures on services that add to the value of non-produced assets. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 66 values
| Year | Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 31.68 |
| 2024 | 31.64 |
| 2023 | 31.9 |
| 2022 | 32.37 |
| 2021 | 29.58 |
| 2020 | 27.32 |
| 2019 | 28.45 |
| 2018 | 29.46 |
| 2017 | 28.18 |
| 2016 | 28.19 |
| 2015 |
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) in nearby economies
- Bangladesh — 28.54% (2025)
- Bhutan — 42.15% (2024)
- Maldives — 34.84% (2024)
- Nepal — 23.57% (2025)
- Sri Lanka — 20.77% (2025)
More economic policy & debt data for India
- Total reserves, including gold (current US$) — US$700.07 billion (2025)
- Total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) — US$576.45 billion (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$426.05 billion (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current LCU) — 37.21 trillion (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) — US$341.19 billion (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant LCU) — 32.99 trillion (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) — 10.77% (2025)
- Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$2.24 trillion (2025)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is India's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)?
- 31.68% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1960?
- It is up 17.22 percentage points from 14.46% in 1960. The highest value was 35.81% in 2007 and the lowest 14.46% in 1960.
- How does India rank?
- 9th highest of 126 economies with data for 2025.
- Is the latest change in gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) unusual for India?
- In 2025, India's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) rose 0.04 percentage points on 2024 (from 31.64% to 31.68%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +0.28 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.57 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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