Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income): Industry, including construction, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)'s industry, including construction, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$) rose US$462.9 on 2023 (from US$29,257 to US$29,720).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +US$659.53 and a typical year strayed about US$869.91 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was US$3,799 in 2022 and the biggest yearly fall was US$1,557 in 1994. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$1,255 a year. A straight line explains 95% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

A straight-line projection, tested first

Extending that straight line gives about US$32,596 for 2027. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2022 to 2024 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was US$3,339, against US$4,416 for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.

See how a linear trend forecast works and the guide on forecasting without fooling yourself.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

Industry (including construction) corresponds to ISIC (Rev.4) divisions 05-43. It is comprised of mining, manufacturing, construction, electricity, water, and gas industries. Value added is the contribution to the economy by a producer or an industry or an institutional sector, which is estimated by the total value of output produced and deducting the total value of intermediate consumption of goods and services used to produce that output. The core indicator has been divided by the number of workers in this sector to derive a measure of labor productivity. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Limitations: For comparability of individual sectors labor productivity is estimated according to national accounts conventions. However, there are still significant limitations on the availability of reliable data. Information on consistent series of output is not easily available, especially in low- and middle-income countries, because the definition, coverage, and methodology are not always consistent across countries. For more details, see Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$) [NV.AGR.TOTL.KD], Industry (including construction), value added (constant 2015 US$) [NV.IND.TOTL.KD], and Services, value added (constant 2015 US$) [NV.SRV.TOTL.KD].

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 34 values

Industry, including construction, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — US$2,890 (2024)
• Algeria — US$19,933 (2025)
• Bahrain — US$46,425 (2025)
• Djibouti — US$51,907 (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — US$15,401 (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — US$19,619 (2025)
• Iraq — US$27,075 (2025)
• Israel — US$112,496 (2024)

More economic policy & debt data for Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)

• Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Austria (current US$) — US$197.79 million (2023)
• Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Belgium (current US$) — US$85.62 million (2023)
• Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Canada (current US$) — US$2.03 billion (2023)
• Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, European Union institutions (current US$) — US$23.3 billion (2023)
• Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Switzerland (current US$) — US$419.07 million (2023)
• Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Germany (current US$) — US$1.28 billion (2023)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)'s industry, including construction, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)?

US$29,720 in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1991?

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NV.IND.EMPL.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: World Development Indicators database, World Bank (WB); ILOSTAT database, International Labour Organization (ILO) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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