Central Europe and the Baltics's government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) was 4.32% in 2022, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 0.12 percentage points from 4.43% in 2012.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 4.32% | 2022 |
| Five years earlier | 4.08% | 2017 |
| Ten years earlier | 4.43% | 2012 |
| Highest | 5.18% | 2002 |
| Lowest | 4.08% | 2017 |
| Average since 2013 | 4.44% | 2013–2022 |
| First recorded | 4.99% | 1992 |
What the numbers say
In 2022, Central Europe and the Baltics' government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) fell 0.34 percentage points on 2021 (from 4.65% to 4.32%).
Across the 27 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2021), the average change was −0.03 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 0.22 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.4 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 0.36 percentage points in 2020 and the biggest yearly fall was 0.54 percentage points in 2017. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2013 to 2022 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 1% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
See how every economy compares in the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Central Europe and the Baltics | 4.32% | 2022 |
| World | 3.57% | 2023 |
What this measures
General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of GDP. It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.
Limitations: Data may refer to spending by the ministry of education only (excluding spending on educational activities by other ministries).
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a median.
All 30 values
| Year | Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) |
|---|---|
| 2022 | 4.32 |
| 2021 | 4.65 |
| 2020 | 4.63 |
| 2019 | 4.27 |
| 2018 | 4.22 |
| 2017 | 4.08 |
| 2016 | 4.61 |
| 2015 | 4.68 |
| 2014 | 4.42 |
| 2013 | 4.5 |
| 2012 |
Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) in nearby economies
More education data for Central Europe and the Baltics
- Primary education, duration (years) — 4 (2025)
- Secondary education, duration (years) — 8 (2025)
- Primary education, pupils — 4.52 million (2024)
- Lower secondary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group) — 103.75% (2024)
- Lower secondary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group) — 102.32% (2024)
- Lower secondary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) — 103.01% (2024)
- Secondary education, pupils — 8.33 million (2024)
- Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Central Europe and the Baltics's government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)?
- 4.32% in 2022, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1992?
- It is down 0.67 percentage points from 4.99% in 1992. The highest value was 5.18% in 2002 and the lowest 4.08% in 2017.
- Is the latest change in government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) unusual for Central Europe and the Baltics?
- In 2022, Central Europe and the Baltics' government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) fell 0.34 percentage points on 2021 (from 4.65% to 4.32%). Across the 27 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2021), the average change was −0.03 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 0.22 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.4 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Data API, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources, note: The data are obtained through the UIS API. Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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