Brunei Darussalam's gross national expenditure (% of GDP) was 80.25% in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 0.16 percentage points from 80.09% in 2015.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 80.25% | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | 89.8% | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | 80.09% | 2015 |
| Highest | 89.8% | 2020 |
| Lowest | 39.16% | 1990 |
| Average since 2016 | 81% | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | 41.65% | 1989 |
What the numbers say
In 2025, Brunei Darussalam's gross national expenditure (% of GDP) rose 0.94 percentage points on 2024 (from 79.31% to 80.25%).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +0.65 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 8.64 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 15.78 percentage points in 2009 and the biggest yearly fall was 14.25 percentage points in 1999. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 15% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2025, Brunei Darussalam had the 124th highest value of the 130 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
Closest to Brunei Darussalam in the 2025 ranking
- Djibouti — 121st of 130: 85.31%
- Equatorial Guinea — 122nd of 130: 81.89%
- Malta — 123rd of 130: 80.8%
- Libya — 125th of 130: 77.48%
- Gabon — 126th of 130: 73.91%
- Luxembourg — 127th of 130: 68.84%
What this measures
Gross national expenditure is the sum of household final consumption expenditure, general government final consumption expenditure, and gross capital formation. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.
All 37 values
| Year | Gross national expenditure (% of GDP) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 80.25 |
| 2024 | 79.31 |
| 2023 | 80.09 |
| 2022 | 69.23 |
| 2021 | 78.59 |
| 2020 | 89.8 |
| 2019 | 84.19 |
| 2018 | 84.74 |
| 2017 | 81.76 |
| 2016 | 81.99 |
| 2015 |
Gross national expenditure (% of GDP) in nearby economies
- Australia — 99.46% (2025)
- Cambodia — 95.43% (2025)
- China — 97.16% (2024)
- Fiji — 110.15% (2024)
- French Polynesia — 127.62% (2024)
- Hong Kong SAR, China — 97.13% (2025)
- Indonesia — 93.38% (2025)
- Japan — 100.89% (2024)
- Kiribati — 192.74% (2024)
- Korea, Rep. — 94.8% (2025)
- Lao PDR
More economic policy & debt data for Brunei Darussalam
- GDP (current US$) — US$15.03 billion (2025)
- GDP (current LCU) — 19.66 billion (2025)
- GDP per capita (current US$) — US$32,235 (2025)
- GDP per capita (current LCU) — 42,150 (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) — US$61.81 million (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) — 0.41% (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$) — US$177.58 million (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current LCU) — 232.21 million (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Brunei Darussalam's gross national expenditure (% of GDP)?
- 80.25% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1989?
- It is up 38.6 percentage points from 41.65% in 1989. The highest value was 89.8% in 2020 and the lowest 39.16% in 1990.
- How does Brunei Darussalam rank?
- 124th highest of 130 economies with data for 2025.
- Is the latest change in gross national expenditure (% of GDP) unusual for Brunei Darussalam?
- In 2025, Brunei Darussalam's gross national expenditure (% of GDP) rose 0.94 percentage points on 2024 (from 79.31% to 80.25%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +0.65 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 8.64 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.DAB.TOTL.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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