Brunei Darussalam's gross capital formation (annual % growth) was -5.97% in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 12.52 percentage points from 6.55% in 2015.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | -5.97% | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | -9.26% | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | 6.55% | 2015 |
| Highest | 86.22% | 1996 |
| Lowest | -38.01% | 1997 |
| Average since 2016 | -1.47% | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | 8.41% | 1991 |
What the numbers say
In 2025, Brunei Darussalam's gross capital formation (annual % growth) fell 1.31 percentage points on 2024 (from -4.66% to -5.97%).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +0.18 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 39.79 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 77.73 percentage points in 1996 and the biggest yearly fall was 124.23 percentage points in 1997. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 7% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2025, Brunei Darussalam had the 113th highest value of the 123 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Brunei Darussalam | -5.97% | 2025 |
| World | 2.87% | 2025 |
| East Asia & Pacific | 2.01% | 2025 |
| High income | 1.13% | 2024 |
Closest to Brunei Darussalam in the 2025 ranking
- Georgia — 110th of 123: -5.47%
- Egypt, Arab Rep. — 111th of 123: -5.47%
- Senegal — 112th of 123: -5.6%
- Mexico — 114th of 123: -6.35%
- Guinea-Bissau — 115th of 123: -6.36%
- Mongolia — 116th of 123: -7.24%
What this measures
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 35 values
| Year | Gross capital formation (annual % growth) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | -5.97 |
| 2024 | -4.66 |
| 2023 | 0.2131 |
| 2022 | -1.77 |
| 2021 | -13.82 |
| 2020 | -9.26 |
| 2019 | -4.38 |
| 2018 | 28.06 |
| 2017 | 7.98 |
| 2016 | -11.1 |
| 2015 |
Gross capital formation (annual % growth) in nearby economies
- Cambodia — 3.71% (2025)
- China — 1.94% (2025)
- Indonesia — 4.03% (2025)
- Japan — -0.82% (2024)
- Kiribati — 32.07% (2024)
- Korea, Rep. — -1.74% (2025)
- Lao PDR — 7% (2016)
- Macao SAR, China — -7.76% (2025)
- Malaysia — 9.11% (2025)
- Marshall Islands — 13.84% (2024)
More economic policy & debt data for Brunei Darussalam
- GDP (current US$) — US$15.03 billion (2025)
- GDP (current LCU) — 19.66 billion (2025)
- GDP per capita (current US$) — US$32,235 (2025)
- GDP per capita (current LCU) — 42,150 (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) — US$61.81 million (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) — 0.41% (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$) — US$177.58 million (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current LCU) — 232.21 million (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Brunei Darussalam's gross capital formation (annual % growth)?
- -5.97% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1991?
- It is down 14.38 percentage points from 8.41% in 1991. The highest value was 86.22% in 1996 and the lowest -38.01% in 1997.
- How does Brunei Darussalam rank?
- 113th highest of 123 economies with data for 2025.
- Is the latest change in gross capital formation (annual % growth) unusual for Brunei Darussalam?
- In 2025, Brunei Darussalam's gross capital formation (annual % growth) fell 1.31 percentage points on 2024 (from -4.66% to -5.97%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +0.18 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 39.79 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.GDI.TOTL.KD.ZG, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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