Bolivia: Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2021, Bolivia's adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI) fell 4.47 percentage points on 2020 (from 2.43% to -2.04%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2020), the average change was +0.16 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.09 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 2.2 standard deviations below that average, so it was unusually large compared with the rest of the record.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 4.64 percentage points in 2006 and the biggest yearly fall was 4.47 percentage points in 2021. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2012 to 2021 the straight-line trend is downward, about 1.29 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 90% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

A straight-line projection, tested first

Extending that straight line gives about -4.59% for 2024. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2019 to 2021 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was 1.4%, against 3.66% for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.

See how a linear trend forecast works and the guide on forecasting without fooling yourself.

How it compares

In 2021, Bolivia had the 102nd highest value of the 116 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Bolivia in the 2021 ranking

• Cameroon — 99th of 116: -1.61%
• Namibia — 100th of 116: -1.83%
• Ukraine — 101st of 116: -2.03%
• Greece — 103rd of 116: -2.16%
• Kyrgyz Republic — 104th of 116: -2.65%
• Madagascar — 105th of 116: -3.26%

What this measures

Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad.

Limitations: The exercise treats public education expenditures as an addition to savings. However, because of the wide variability in the effectiveness of public education expenditures, these figures cannot be construed as the value of investments in human capital. A current expenditure of $1 on education does not necessarily yield $1 of human capital. The calculation should also consider private education expenditure, but data are not available for a large number of countries. While extensive, the accounting of natural resource depletion and pollution costs still has some gaps.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 32 values

Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI) in nearby economies

• Argentina — 11.61% (2021)
• Bahamas, The — 4.82% (2021)
• Barbados — -2.75% (2017)
• Belize — 11.99% (2021)
• Brazil — -0.25% (2021)
• Chile — -3.74% (2021)
• Colombia — 1.6% (2021)
• Costa Rica — 16.92% (2021)
• Dominican Republic

More economic policy & debt data for Bolivia

• Total reserves, including gold (current US$) — US$579.91 million (2025)
• Total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) — US$579.91 million (2025)
• GDP (current US$) — US$64.77 billion (2025)
• GDP (current LCU) — 447.55 billion (2025)
• GDP (constant 2015 US$) — US$37.21 billion (2025)
• GDP (constant LCU) — 329.37 billion (2025)
• GDP per capita (current US$) — US$5,148 (2025)
• GDP per capita (current LCU) — 35,571 (2025)
• GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$) — US$2,957 (2025)
• GDP per capita (constant LCU) — 26,178 (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (current US$)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Bolivia's adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)?

-2.04% in 2021, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1990?

It is up 0.31 percentage points from -2.35% in 1990. The highest value was 17.85% in 2008 and the lowest -2.35% in 1990.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.ADJ.SVNG.GN.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Staff estimates, World Bank (WB); The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

Want to ask your own questions of data like this? Try AnalyzeIt: upload a file or ask about public data in plain words, and every figure comes with its working.