Upper middle income's net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$) was US$8.4 billion in 2024, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 36.22% from US$6.16 billion in 2014 (3.14% a year on average, compounded).
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | US$8.4 billion | 2024 |
| Five years earlier | US$3.58 billion | 2019 |
| Ten years earlier | US$6.16 billion | 2014 |
| Highest | US$13.25 billion | 2010 |
| Lowest | −US$3.81 billion | 2006 |
| Average since 2015 | US$5.98 billion | 2015–2024 |
| First recorded | US$260 million |
What the numbers say
In 2024, Upper middle income's net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$) rose US$1.1 billion on 2023 (from US$7.3 billion to US$8.4 billion).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +US$199.9 million and a typical year strayed about US$3.76 billion from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was US$6.71 billion in 2012 and the biggest yearly fall was US$13.51 billion in 2011. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2015 to 2024 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 28% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
What this measures
Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IBRD is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the founding and largest member of the World Bank Group. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a sum.
All 55 values
| Year | Net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 8,397,250,000 |
| 2023 | 7,300,336,000 |
| 2022 | 10,006,735,000 |
| 2021 | 5,444,708,000 |
| 2020 | 7,090,255,000 |
| 2019 | 3,577,204,000 |
| 2018 | 2,958,482,000 |
| 2017 | 2,088,447,000 |
| 2016 | 5,653,872,000 |
| 2015 | 7,270,511,000 |
Net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$) in nearby economies
- Algeria — −US$725,000 (2017)
- Egypt, Arab Rep. — US$20.68 million (2024)
- Iran, Islamic Rep. — −US$3.08 million (2024)
- Iraq — −US$255.68 million (2024)
- Jordan — US$958.51 million (2024)
- Lebanon — US$195.81 million (2024)
- Malta — US$0 (2016)
- Morocco — US$1.29 billion (2024)
- Pakistan — US$172.54 million (2024)
- Tunisia — US$248.94 million (2024)
More economic policy & debt data for Upper middle income
- Charges for the use of intellectual property, payments (BoP, current US$) — US$95.94 billion (2025)
- Portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$) — US$27.9 billion (2025)
- Exports of goods and services (current US$) — US$8.68 trillion (2025)
- Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) — 25.88% (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$) — US$7.97 trillion (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) — 23.76% (2025)
- External balance on goods and services (% of GDP) — 2.12% (2025)
- Trade (% of GDP) — 48.9% (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Upper middle income's net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$)?
- US$8.4 billion in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1970?
- It is up 3,130% from US$260 million in 1970 (6.65% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$13.25 billion in 2010 and the lowest −US$3.81 billion in 2006.
- Is the latest change in net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$) unusual for Upper middle income?
- In 2024, Upper middle income's net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$) rose US$1.1 billion on 2023 (from US$7.3 billion to US$8.4 billion). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +US$199.9 million and a typical year strayed about US$3.76 billion from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator DT.NFL.MIBR.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Debt Statistics, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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