Upper middle income: Inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Upper middle income's inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth) rose 0.2 percentage points on 2024 (from 3.05% to 3.26%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −0.3 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.2 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 5.6 percentage points in 1980 and the biggest yearly fall was 6.79 percentage points in 2009. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 14% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a median.

All 51 values

Inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — -6.6% (2024)
• Algeria — 1.42% (2025)
• Bahrain — -0.14% (2025)
• Djibouti — -0.31% (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 14.07% (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 42.17% (2025)
• Iraq — 0.3% (2025)
• Israel — 3.04% (2025)
• Jordan — 1.77% (2025)
• Kuwait — 2.36% (2025)

More financial sector data for Upper middle income

• Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) — 136.85% (2024)
• Monetary sector credit to private sector (% of GDP) — 136.85% (2024)
• Broad money (% of GDP) — 167.85% (2024)
• Claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP) — 37.82% (2024)
• Inflation, GDP deflator (annual % growth) — 3.31% (2025)
• Stocks traded, turnover ratio of domestic shares (%) — 224.59% (2024)
• Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) — 138.98% (2024)
• Listed domestic companies, total — 17,522 (2025)
• Stocks traded, total value (current US$)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Upper middle income's inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth)?

3.26% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1975?

It is down 9.86 percentage points from 13.11% in 1975. The highest value was 18.12% in 1980 and the lowest 1.79% in 2015.

Is the latest change in inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth) unusual for Upper middle income?

In 2025, Upper middle income's inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth) rose 0.2 percentage points on 2024 (from 3.05% to 3.26%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −0.3 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.2 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Where does this data come from?

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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