Upper middle income: GNI (current US$)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Upper middle income's GNI (current US$) rose 4.7% on 2024 (from US$31.63 trillion to US$33.12 trillion).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +8.3% and a typical year strayed about 8.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.4 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 30.5% in 1973 and the biggest yearly fall was 3.5% in 2015. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$1.38 trillion a year. A straight line explains 96% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 66 values

GNI (current US$) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — US$17.85 billion (2024)
• Algeria — US$281.61 billion (2025)
• Bahrain — US$45.18 billion (2025)
• Djibouti — US$4.74 billion (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — US$349.41 billion (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — US$361.89 billion (2025)
• Iraq — US$254.8 billion (2025)
• Israel — US$602.16 billion (2025)
• Jordan — US$60.66 billion (2025)
• Kuwait — US$193.99 billion (2024)
• Lebanon — US$25.7 billion (2024)
• Libya — US$49.92 billion (2025)

More economic policy & debt data for Upper middle income

• Charges for the use of intellectual property, payments (BoP, current US$) — US$95.94 billion (2025)
• Portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$) — US$27.9 billion (2025)
• Exports of goods and services (current US$) — US$8.68 trillion (2025)
• Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) — 25.88% (2025)
• Imports of goods and services (current US$) — US$7.97 trillion (2025)
• Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) — 23.76% (2025)
• External balance on goods and services (% of GDP) — 2.12% (2025)
• Trade (% of GDP) — 48.9% (2025)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Upper middle income's GNI (current US$)?

US$33.12 trillion in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1960?

It is up 18,274% from US$180.25 billion in 1960 (8.35% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$33.12 trillion in 2025 and the lowest US$177.47 billion in 1962.

Is the latest change in GNI (current US$) unusual for Upper middle income?

In 2025, Upper middle income's GNI (current US$) rose 4.7% on 2024 (from US$31.63 trillion to US$33.12 trillion). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +8.3% and a typical year strayed about 8.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.4 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Where does this data come from?

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.GNP.MKTP.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

Want to ask your own questions of data like this? Try AnalyzeIt: upload a file or ask about public data in plain words, and every figure comes with its working.