United Kingdom: GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, United Kingdom's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) rose 2.7% on 2023 (from 3.55 trillion to 3.65 trillion).

Across the 24 yearly changes before that (2000 to 2023), the average change was +1.8% and a typical year strayed about 3.8% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 10.9% in 2021 and the biggest yearly fall was 11.2% in 2020. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 41.85 billion a year. A straight line explains 53% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, United Kingdom had the 4th highest value of the 48 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to United Kingdom in the 2024 ranking

• United States — 1st of 48: 25.61 trillion
• Japan — 2nd of 48: 6.21 trillion
• France — 3rd of 48: 3.78 trillion
• Spain — 5th of 48: 2.37 trillion
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 6th of 48: 1.47 trillion
• Belgium — 7th of 48: 746.79 billion

What this measures

This indicator provides values for gross national income (GNI) expressed in constant international dollars, converted by purchasing power parities (PPPs). PPPs account for the different price levels across countries and thus PPP-based comparisons of economic output are more appropriate for comparing the output of economies and the average material well-being of their inhabitants than exchange-rate based comparisons. Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2021. The PPP conversion factor is a currency conversion factor and a spatial price deflator. PPPs convert different currencies to a common currency and, in the process of conversion, equalize their purchasing power by eliminating the differences in price levels between countries, thereby allowing volume or output comparisons of GDP and its expenditure components.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 26 values

GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) in nearby economies

• Albania — 53.24 billion (2024)
• Armenia — 63.08 billion (2025)
• Austria — 572.56 billion (2024)
• Belarus — 273.61 billion (2025)
• Belgium — 746.79 billion (2024)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 66.37 billion (2025)
• Bulgaria — 214.02 billion (2025)
• Croatia — 171.06 billion (2025)
• Cyprus — 47.62 billion (2025)
• Czechia — 505.5 billion (2024)

More economic policy & debt data for United Kingdom

• Total reserves, including gold (current US$) — US$214.36 billion (2025)
• Total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) — US$170.78 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$849.56 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (current LCU) — 645.22 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) — 21.23% (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$2.42 trillion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current LCU) — 1.84 trillion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is United Kingdom's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $)?

3.65 trillion in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1999?

It is up 54.31% from 2.36 trillion in 1999 (1.75% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 3.65 trillion in 2024 and the lowest 2.36 trillion in 1999.

How does United Kingdom rank?

4th highest of 48 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) unusual for United Kingdom?

In 2024, United Kingdom's GNI, PPP (constant 2021 international $) rose 2.7% on 2023 (from 3.55 trillion to 3.65 trillion). Across the 24 yearly changes before that (2000 to 2023), the average change was +1.8% and a typical year strayed about 3.8% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.GNP.MKTP.PP.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Comparison Program (ICP), World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/icp/data, note: This information is for ICP’s PPPs utilized in WDI, publisher: International Comparison Program (ICP), date accessed: May 30, 2024, date published: May 30, 2024; The Eurostat PPP Progr… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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