Togo: Researchers in R&D (per million people)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Togo's researchers in R&D (per million people) rose 16.4 on 2023 (from 41.39 to 57.79).

Across the 15 yearly changes before that (2004 to 2023), the average change was +1.03 and a typical year strayed about 5.58 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 2.8 standard deviations above that average, so it was unusually large compared with the rest of the record.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 16.4 in 2024 and the biggest yearly fall was 9.26 in 2006. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 1.8 a year. A straight line explains 56% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Togo had the 18th highest value of the 18 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Togo in the 2024 ranking

• Mexico — 15th of 18: 438.25
• Panama — 16th of 18: 250.47
• Kuwait — 17th of 18: 144.75

What this measures

The number of researchers engaged in Research &Development (R&D), expressed as per million. Researchers are professionals who conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models techniques instrumentation, software of operational methods. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.

Limitations: Estimates of the resources allocated to R&D are affected by national characteristics such as the periodicity and coverage of national R&D surveys across institutional sectors and industries; and the use of different sampling and estimation methods. R&D typically involves a few large performers, hence R&D surveys use various techniques to maintain up-to-date registers of known performers, while attempting to identify new or occasional performers.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 19 values

Researchers in R&D (per million people) in nearby economies

• Madagascar — 32.94 (2018)
• South Africa — 444.16 (2022)

More infrastructure data for Togo

• Fixed telephone subscriptions — 78,576 (2024)
• Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people) — 0.83 (2024)
• Mobile cellular subscriptions — 7.69 million (2024)
• Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) — 80.8 (2024)
• Air transport, registered carrier departures worldwide — 15,447 (2023)
• Air transport, freight (million ton-km) — 58.55 (2023)
• Air transport, passengers carried — 2.18 million (2023)
• Individuals using the Internet (% of population) — 39.48% (2024)
• Scientific and technical journal articles — 135.94 (2023)
• ICT service exports (BoP, current US$)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Togo's researchers in R&D (per million people)?

57.79 in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 2003?

It is up 123.08% from 25.91 in 2003 (3.89% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 57.79 in 2024 and the lowest 22.98 in 2006.

How does Togo rank?

18th highest of 18 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in researchers in R&D (per million people) unusual for Togo?

In 2024, Togo's researchers in R&D (per million people) rose 16.4 on 2023 (from 41.39 to 57.79). Across the 15 yearly changes before that (2004 to 2023), the average change was +1.03 and a typical year strayed about 5.58 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 2.8 standard deviations above that average, so it was unusually large compared with the rest of the record.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SP.POP.SCIE.RD.P6, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), date accessed: 2025-03-26, date published: 2025-02 Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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