Saudi Arabia: GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Saudi Arabia's GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $) fell 1,082 on 2024 (from 131,865 to 130,783).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −3,170 and a typical year strayed about 6,150 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 8,359 in 2018 and the biggest yearly fall was 12,549 in 2023. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 11% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2025, Saudi Arabia had the 16th highest value of the 168 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Saudi Arabia in the 2025 ranking

• Hong Kong SAR, China — 13th of 168: 139,884
• Italy — 14th of 168: 131,481
• Austria — 15th of 168: 131,259
• Netherlands — 17th of 168: 129,805
• Sweden — 18th of 168: 128,980
• France — 19th of 168: 128,587

What this measures

GDP per person employed is gross domestic product (GDP) divided by total employment in the economy. Purchasing power parity (PPP) GDP is GDP converted to 2021 constant international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States.

Limitations: For comparability of individual sectors labor productivity is estimated according to national accounts conventions. However, there are still significant limitations on the availability of reliable data. Information on consistent series of output in both national currencies and purchasing power parity dollars is not easily available, especially in developing countries, because the definition, coverage, and methodology are not always consistent across countries. For example, countries employ different methodologies for estimating the missing values for the nonmarket service sectors and use different definitions of the informal sector.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 35 values

GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — 10,614 (2024)
• Algeria — 62,892 (2025)
• Bahrain — 106,772 (2025)
• Djibouti — 43,194 (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 60,717 (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 57,468 (2025)
• Iraq — 54,291 (2025)
• Israel — 104,695 (2025)
• Jordan — 46,257 (2025)
• Kuwait — 81,972 (2025)

More social protection & labor data for Saudi Arabia

• Net migration — 119,738 (2025)
• Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of asylum — 448 (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 16.61% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 43.89% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 31.48% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate) — 34.89% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate) — 84.47% (2025)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Saudi Arabia's GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $)?

130,783 in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1991?

It is down 47.11% from 247,290 in 1991 (1.86% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 247,290 in 1991 and the lowest 130,783 in 2025.

How does Saudi Arabia rank?

16th highest of 168 economies with data for 2025.

Is the latest change in GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $) unusual for Saudi Arabia?

In 2025, Saudi Arabia's GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $) fell 1,082 on 2024 (from 131,865 to 130,783). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −3,170 and a typical year strayed about 6,150 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SL.GDP.PCAP.EM.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Staff estimates, World Bank (WB), note: Estimates are based on employment, population, GDP, and PPP data obtained from International Labour Organization, United Nations Population Division, Eurostat, OECD, and World Bank., type: estimates based on external database; International Labour Organization… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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