Samoa: Adjusted savings, particulate emission damage (% of GNI)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2020, Samoa's adjusted savings, particulate emission damage (% of GNI) rose 0.01 percentage points on 2019 (from 0.56% to 0.57%).

Across the 18 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2019), the average change was −0 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 0.02 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 0.04 percentage points in 2012 and the biggest yearly fall was 0.05 percentage points in 2016. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2011 to 2020 the straight-line trend is downward, about 0.01 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 67% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2020, Samoa had the 7th highest value of the 11 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Samoa in the 2020 ranking

• Zimbabwe — 3rd of 11: 1.68%
• Zambia — 4th of 11: 1.02%
• Myanmar — 5th of 11: 0.88%
• Syrian Arab Republic — 7th of 11: 0.47%
• South Africa — 8th of 11: 0.4%
• Saudi Arabia — 9th of 11: 0.32%

What this measures

Particulate emissions damage is the damage due to exposure of a country's population to ambient concentrations of particulates measuring less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), ambient ozone pollution, and indoor concentrations of PM2.5 in households cooking with solid fuels. Damages are calculated as foregone labor income due to premature death. Estimates of health impacts from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 are for 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2013. Data for other years have been extrapolated from trends in mortality rates. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad.

Limitations: Labor productivity losses, as calculated within the framework of adjusted net savings, represent only part of the economic costs of air pollution and should be interpreted as a lower-end estimate.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 21 values

Adjusted savings, particulate emission damage (% of GNI) in nearby economies

• Australia — 0.02% (2021)
• Brunei Darussalam — 0.06% (2021)
• Cambodia — 0.53% (2021)
• China — 0.48% (2021)
• Fiji — 0.63% (2021)
• Indonesia — 0.55% (2021)
• Japan — 0.07% (2021)
• Korea, Rep. — 0.15% (2021)
• Lao PDR — 0.9% (2021)
• Malaysia

More economic policy & debt data for Samoa

• Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$) — US$114.41 million (2023)
• Technical cooperation grants (BoP, current US$) — US$14.69 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) — US$117.17 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2023 US$) — US$117.17 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance received (current US$) — US$117.17 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance received (constant 2023 US$) — US$117.17 million (2023)
• Net ODA received per capita (current US$) — US$540.81 (2023)
• Total reserves, including gold (current US$) — US$598.34 million (2025)

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Questions people ask

What is Samoa's adjusted savings, particulate emission damage (% of GNI)?

0.57% in 2020, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1990?

It is down 0.4 percentage points from 0.96% in 1990. The highest value was 0.96% in 1990 and the lowest 0.56% in 2019.

How does Samoa rank?

7th highest of 11 economies with data for 2020.

Is the latest change in adjusted savings, particulate emission damage (% of GNI) unusual for Samoa?

In 2020, Samoa's adjusted savings, particulate emission damage (% of GNI) rose 0.01 percentage points on 2019 (from 0.56% to 0.57%). Across the 18 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2019), the average change was −0 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 0.02 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.ADJ.DPEM.GN.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Global Burden of Disease 2013 study, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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