São Tomé and Principe's scientific and technical journal articles was 4.71 in 2023, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 2,844% from 0.16 in 2013 (40.25% a year on average, compounded).
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 4.71 | 2023 |
| Five years earlier | 0.86 | 2018 |
| Ten years earlier | 0.16 | 2013 |
| Highest | 4.71 | 2023 |
| Lowest | 0 | 1999 |
| Average since 2014 | 2.35 | 2014–2023 |
| First recorded | 1.67 | 1996 |
What the numbers say
In 2023, São Tomé and Principe's scientific and technical journal articles rose 0.34 on 2022 (from 4.37 to 4.71).
Across the 26 yearly changes before that (1997 to 2022), the average change was +0.1 and a typical year strayed about 0.92 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 1.78 in 2009 and the biggest yearly fall was 2.23 in 2011. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2014 to 2023 the straight-line trend is upward, about 0.45 a year. A straight line explains 80% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2023, São Tomé and Principe had the 188th highest value of the 197 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| São Tomé and Principe | 4.71 | 2023 |
| World | 3.27 million | 2023 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 48,023 | 2023 |
| Lower middle income | 327,365 | 2023 |
Closest to São Tomé and Principe in the 2023 ranking
- Comoros — 185th of 197: 8.01
- Palau — 186th of 197: 5.04
- Tonga — 187th of 197: 4.85
- Micronesia, Fed. Sts. — 189th of 197: 3.74
- Dominica — 190th of 197: 3.7
- Equatorial Guinea — 191st of 197: 3.44
What this measures
Article counts refer to publications from a selection of conference proceedings and peer-reviewed journals from Scopus in science and engineering fields, according to the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics Taxonomy of Disciplines.
Limitations: Because the bibliometric database is constantly updated, the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) does not recommend comparing bibliometric data across different editions of the Science and Engineering Indicators publication. For each edition of Indicators, NCSES uses a fixed snapshot of the database. This means that although trends are comparable, the exact number of articles, citations, and other data will vary across editions. For more information about comparing fixed versus dynamic journal data sets, see Schneider et al. (2019).
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.
All 28 values
| Year | Scientific and technical journal articles |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 4.71 |
| 2022 | 4.37 |
| 2021 | 3.96 |
| 2020 | 2.78 |
| 2019 | 2.37 |
| 2018 | 0.86 |
| 2017 | 0.88 |
| 2016 | 0.87 |
| 2015 | 1.42 |
| 2014 | 1.24 |
| 2013 |
Scientific and technical journal articles in nearby economies
- Angola — 50.27 (2023)
- Benin — 437.17 (2023)
- Botswana — 383.84 (2023)
- Burkina Faso — 519.72 (2023)
- Burundi — 36.26 (2023)
- Cabo Verde — 18.34 (2023)
- Cameroon — 1,547 (2023)
- Central African Republic — 25.75 (2023)
- Chad — 52.36 (2023)
- Comoros — 8.01 (2023)
More infrastructure data for São Tomé and Principe
- Fixed telephone subscriptions — 1,781 (2024)
- Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people) — 0.76 (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions — 147,061 (2024)
- Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) — 62.44 (2024)
- ICT service exports (BoP, current US$) — US$1.31 million (2025)
- ICT service exports (% of service exports, BoP) — 1.17% (2025)
- Air transport, registered carrier departures worldwide — 1,199 (2023)
- Air transport, passengers carried — 38,767 (2023)
- Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is São Tomé and Principe's scientific and technical journal articles?
- 4.71 in 2023, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1996?
- It is up 182.04% from 1.67 in 1996 (3.91% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 4.71 in 2023 and the lowest 0 in 1999.
- How does São Tomé and Principe rank?
- 188th highest of 197 economies with data for 2023.
- Is the latest change in scientific and technical journal articles unusual for São Tomé and Principe?
- In 2023, São Tomé and Principe's scientific and technical journal articles rose 0.34 on 2022 (from 4.37 to 4.71). Across the 26 yearly changes before that (1997 to 2022), the average change was +0.1 and a typical year strayed about 0.92 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator IP.JRN.ARTC.SC, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Science and Engineering Indicators, National Science Foundation (NSF), uri: https://ncses.nsf.gov/indicators Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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