São Tomé and Principe's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) was 8.67% in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 5.75 percentage points from 14.42% in 2015.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 8.67% | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | 11.7% | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | 14.42% | 2015 |
| Highest | 25.49% | 2010 |
| Lowest | 6.1% | 2023 |
| Average since 2016 | 10.5% | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | 18.45% | 2008 |
What the numbers say
In 2025, São Tomé and Principe's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) rose 1.84 percentage points on 2024 (from 6.83% to 8.67%).
Across the 16 yearly changes before that (2009 to 2024), the average change was −0.73 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.45 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.0 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 4.46 percentage points in 2010 and the biggest yearly fall was 5.88 percentage points in 2012. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is downward, about 0.89 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 80% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2025, São Tomé and Principe had the 123rd highest value of the 126 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| São Tomé and Principe | 8.67% | 2025 |
| World | 25.62% | 2024 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 22.97% | 2025 |
| Lower middle income | 28.86% | 2025 |
Closest to São Tomé and Principe in the 2025 ranking
- Macao SAR, China — 120th of 126: 11.94%
- Comoros — 121st of 126: 11.85%
- Egypt, Arab Rep. — 122nd of 126: 11.71%
- Equatorial Guinea — 124th of 126: 6.37%
- Venezuela, RB — 125th of 126: 4.58%
- Sudan — 126th of 126: 0.73%
What this measures
Gross fixed capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of fixed assets during the accounting period, including certain specified expenditures on services that add to the value of non-produced assets. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 18 values
| Year | Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 8.67 |
| 2024 | 6.83 |
| 2023 | 6.1 |
| 2022 | 8.18 |
| 2021 | 10.04 |
| 2020 | 11.7 |
| 2019 | 11.83 |
| 2018 | 13.58 |
| 2017 | 15.09 |
| 2016 | 12.98 |
| 2015 |
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) in nearby economies
- Angola — 10.62% (2024)
- Benin — 35.43% (2025)
- Botswana — 28.23% (2025)
- Burkina Faso — 16.73% (2025)
- Cameroon — 19.34% (2025)
- Central African Republic — 14.78% (2025)
- Chad — 16.39% (2025)
- Comoros — 11.85% (2025)
- Congo, Dem. Rep. — 28.79% (2025)
- Congo, Rep. — 29.08% (2025)
More economic policy & debt data for São Tomé and Principe
- GDP (current US$) — US$981.29 million (2025)
- GDP (current LCU) — 21.28 billion (2025)
- GDP (constant 2015 US$) — US$326.78 million (2025)
- GDP (constant LCU) — 4.28 billion (2025)
- GDP per capita (current US$) — US$4,084 (2025)
- GDP per capita (current LCU) — 88,591 (2025)
- GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$) — US$1,360 (2025)
- GDP per capita (constant LCU) — 17,810 (2025)
- GNI (current US$) — US$1.06 billion (2025)
- GNI (current LCU) — 23.04 billion (2025)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is São Tomé and Principe's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)?
- 8.67% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2008?
- It is down 9.78 percentage points from 18.45% in 2008. The highest value was 25.49% in 2010 and the lowest 6.1% in 2023.
- How does São Tomé and Principe rank?
- 123rd highest of 126 economies with data for 2025.
- Is the latest change in gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) unusual for São Tomé and Principe?
- In 2025, São Tomé and Principe's gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) rose 1.84 percentage points on 2024 (from 6.83% to 8.67%). Across the 16 yearly changes before that (2009 to 2024), the average change was −0.73 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.45 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.0 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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