São Tomé and Principe's bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%) was 67.35% in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 29.47 percentage points from 37.88% in 2015.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 67.35% | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | 58.7% | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | 37.88% | 2015 |
| Highest | 77.6% | 2003 |
| Lowest | 15.93% | 2011 |
| Average since 2016 | 54.11% | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | 74.4% | 2001 |
What the numbers say
In 2025, São Tomé and Principe's bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%) rose 5.67 percentage points on 2024 (from 61.68% to 67.35%).
Across the 23 yearly changes before that (2002 to 2024), the average change was −0.55 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 14.35 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.4 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 20.98 percentage points in 2020 and the biggest yearly fall was 53.52 percentage points in 2004. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about 3.39 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 65% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2025, São Tomé and Principe had the 8th highest value of the 109 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| São Tomé and Principe | 67.35% | 2025 |
| World | 16.73% | 2025 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 16.02% | 2025 |
| Lower middle income | 16.73% | 2025 |
Closest to São Tomé and Principe in the 2025 ranking
- Solomon Islands — 5th of 109: 108.78%
- South Sudan — 6th of 109: 86.98%
- Tonga — 7th of 109: 78.81%
- Mongolia — 9th of 109: 56.8%
- Ukraine — 10th of 109: 55.99%
- Samoa — 11th of 109: 50.69%
What this measures
Ratio of bank liquid reserves to bank assets is the ratio of domestic currency holdings and deposits with the monetary authorities to claims on other governments, nonfinancial public enterprises, the private sector, and other banking institutions. This indicator is expressed as a percentage (a÷b)*100.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a median.
All 25 values
| Year | Bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 67.35 |
| 2024 | 61.68 |
| 2023 | 56.96 |
| 2022 | 74.13 |
| 2021 | 60.04 |
| 2020 | 58.7 |
| 2019 | 37.73 |
| 2018 | 39.76 |
| 2017 | 43.99 |
| 2016 | 40.8 |
| 2015 |
Bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%) in nearby economies
- Angola — 36.53% (2025)
- Benin — 6.48% (2025)
- Botswana — 5.18% (2025)
- Burkina Faso — 10.7% (2025)
- Burundi — 13.96% (2025)
- Cabo Verde — 44.54% (2025)
- Cameroon — 22.79% (2019)
- Central African Republic — 12.22% (2022)
- Chad — 15.45% (2021)
- Comoros — 47.03% (2024)
More financial sector data for São Tomé and Principe
- DEC alternative conversion factor (LCU per US$) — US$21.69 (2025)
- Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average) — US$21.75 (2025)
- GDP deflator (base year varies by country) — 497.42 (2025)
- Inflation, GDP deflator (annual % growth) — 11.94% (2025)
- Inflation, GDP deflator, linked series (annual % growth) — 11.94% (2025)
- GDP deflator, linked series (base year varies by country) — 497.42 (2025)
- Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) — 6.68% (2025)
- Broad money (current LCU) — 4.55 billion (2025)
- Broad money (% of GDP)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is São Tomé and Principe's bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%)?
- 67.35% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2001?
- It is down 7.05 percentage points from 74.4% in 2001. The highest value was 77.6% in 2003 and the lowest 15.93% in 2011.
- How does São Tomé and Principe rank?
- 8th highest of 109 economies with data for 2025.
- Is the latest change in bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%) unusual for São Tomé and Principe?
- In 2025, São Tomé and Principe's bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%) rose 5.67 percentage points on 2024 (from 61.68% to 67.35%). Across the 23 yearly changes before that (2002 to 2024), the average change was −0.55 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 14.35 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.4 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FD.RES.LIQU.AS.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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