Rwanda: Discrepancy in expenditure estimate of GDP (current LCU)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Rwanda's discrepancy in expenditure estimate of GDP (current LCU) fell 600 on 2024 (from -3,100 to -3,700).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −1.08 billion and a typical year strayed about 10.19 billion from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 62.46 billion in 1994 and the biggest yearly fall was 37.82 billion in 1995. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is downward, about 390.3 a year. A straight line explains 95% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

A straight-line projection, tested first

Extending that straight line gives about -4,484 for 2028. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2023 to 2025 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was 711.82, against 1,000 for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.

See how a linear trend forecast works and the guide on forecasting without fooling yourself.

How it compares

In 2025, Rwanda had the 95th highest value of the 130 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Rwanda in the 2025 ranking

• Nicaragua — 92nd of 130: -100
• Moldova — 93rd of 130: -400
• São Tomé and Principe — 94th of 130: -600
• Gambia, The — 96th of 130: -7,700
• Guinea — 97th of 130: -13,490
• Equatorial Guinea — 98th of 130: -27,700

What this measures

Although the SNA ensures there is perfect consistency between the three measures of GDP, this is a conceptual consistency that in general does not emerge naturally from data compilations. This is because of the wide disparity of data sources that must be called on and the fact that any error in any source will lead to a difference between at least two of the GDP measures. In practice it is inevitable that many such data errors will exist and will become apparent in exercises such as the balancing of supply and use tables. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This series is expressed in local currency units.

All 66 values

Discrepancy in expenditure estimate of GDP (current LCU) in nearby economies

• Angola — 0 (2024)
• Benin — 0 (2025)
• Botswana — -2.52 billion (2025)
• Burkina Faso — 0 (2025)
• Cabo Verde — -100 (2025)
• Cameroon — 309.25 billion (2025)
• Central African Republic — 495,800 (2025)
• Chad — -1.05 million (2025)
• Comoros — 0 (2025)

More economic policy & debt data for Rwanda

• General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$2.47 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (current LCU) — 3.52 trillion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) — US$2.46 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (constant LCU) — 3.28 trillion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) — 15.06% (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$10.54 billion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current LCU) — 15.06 trillion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Rwanda's discrepancy in expenditure estimate of GDP (current LCU)?

-3,700 in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1960?

It is down 100% from 423.48 million in 1960. The highest value was 32.49 billion in 1994 and the lowest -34.37 billion in 1998.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.GDP.DISC.CN, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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