Mongolia: Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2021, Mongolia's subsidies and other transfers (% of expense) rose 9.14 percentage points on 2020 (from 63.17% to 72.31%).

Across the 25 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2020), the average change was −0.56 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 6.62 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.5 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 12.22 percentage points in 2013 and the biggest yearly fall was 21.32 percentage points in 2003. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2012 to 2021 the straight-line trend is upward, about 1.61 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 49% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2021, Mongolia had the 3rd highest value of the 12 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Mongolia in the 2021 ranking

• Nepal — 1st of 12: 77.19%
• Lebanon — 3rd of 12: 47.18%
• Peru — 4th of 12: 45.09%
• Bangladesh — 5th of 12: 34.12%

What this measures

Subsidies are current unrequited payments that government units, including nonresident government units, make to enterprises on the basis of the levels of their production activities or the quantities or values of the goods or services that they produce, sell, export or import. This indicator is expressed as percentage of total expenses which is any decrease in net worth resulting from a transaction.

Limitations: For most countries central government finance data have been consolidated into one account, but for others only budgetary central government accounts are available. Countries reporting budgetary data are noted in the country metadata. Because budgetary accounts may not include all central government units (such as social security funds), they usually provide an incomplete picture. In federal states the central government accounts provide an incomplete view of total public finance. Data on government revenue and expense are collected by the IMF through questionnaires to member countries and by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a median.

All 28 values

Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense) in nearby economies

• Australia — 69.4% (2022)
• Cambodia — 37.27% (2023)
• Fiji — 34.12% (2023)
• Kiribati — 35.52% (2023)
• Korea, Rep. — 68.5% (2023)
• Lao PDR — 11.72% (2022)
• Macao SAR, China — 32.58% (2023)
• Malaysia — 43.61% (2023)
• Marshall Islands — 17.07% (2020)
• Micronesia, Fed. Sts.

More public sector data for Mongolia

• Military expenditure (current LCU) — 784.57 billion (2025)
• Military expenditure (% of GDP) — 0.88% (2025)
• Military expenditure (% of general government expenditure) — 2.47% (2025)
• Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values) — 3 million (2022)
• Military expenditure (current USD) — 221.32 million (2025)
• Armed forces personnel, total — 18,000 (2020)
• Net acquisition of financial assets (current LCU) — 1.88 trillion (2024)
• Net acquisition of financial assets (% of GDP) — 2.34% (2024)
• Net incurrence of liabilities, total (current LCU) — 420.26 billion (2024)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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Questions people ask

What is Mongolia's subsidies and other transfers (% of expense)?

72.31% in 2021, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1992?

It is up 11.48 percentage points from 60.83% in 1992. The highest value was 72.31% in 2021 and the lowest 30.62% in 2003.

How does Mongolia rank?

3rd highest of 12 economies with data for 2021.

Is the latest change in subsidies and other transfers (% of expense) unusual for Mongolia?

In 2021, Mongolia's subsidies and other transfers (% of expense) rose 9.14 percentage points on 2020 (from 63.17% to 72.31%). Across the 25 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2020), the average change was −0.56 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 6.62 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.5 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator GC.XPN.TRFT.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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