Mongolia: Broad money to total reserves ratio

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Mongolia's broad money to total reserves ratio rose 0.11 on 2023 (from 2.21 to 2.32).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +0.000745 and a typical year strayed about 0.78 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 1.43 in 2003 and the biggest yearly fall was 11.24 in 1993. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is downward, about 0.16 a year. A straight line explains 30% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Mongolia had the 28th highest value of the 41 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Mongolia in the 2024 ranking

• Denmark — 25th of 41: 2.45
• Paraguay — 26th of 41: 2.44
• Seychelles — 27th of 41: 2.39
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 29th of 41: 2.3
• Bulgaria — 30th of 41: 2.13
• Czechia — 31st of 41: 2.06

What this measures

Broad money is the sum of all liquid financial instruments held by money-holding sectors that are widely accepted in an economy as a medium of exchange, plus those that can be converted into a medium of exchange at short notice at, or close to, their full nominal value. Reserve assets are external assets, including monetary gold, that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, for intervention in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). Reserve assets must be denominated and settled in foreign currency. This indicator is expressed as a ratio (a÷b).

All 33 values

Broad money to total reserves ratio in nearby economies

• Australia — 32.96 (2025)
• Brunei Darussalam — 2.44 (2025)
• Cambodia — 2.32 (2025)
• China — 12.34 (2024)
• Fiji — 3.2 (2023)
• Hong Kong SAR, China — 4.04 (2023)
• Indonesia — 3.93 (2025)
• Japan — 7.98 (2025)
• Korea, Rep. — 7.3 (2024)
• Macao SAR, China — 3.42 (2025)
• Malaysia

More financial sector data for Mongolia

• DEC alternative conversion factor (LCU per US$) — US$3,545 (2025)
• GDP deflator (base year varies by country) — 261.96 (2025)
• Inflation, GDP deflator (annual % growth) — 4.36% (2025)
• Inflation, GDP deflator, linked series (annual % growth) — 4.36% (2025)
• GDP deflator, linked series (base year varies by country) — 261.96 (2025)
• Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) — 48.52% (2025)
• Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average) — US$3,545 (2025)
• Net domestic credit (current LCU) — 36.24 trillion (2024)
• Net foreign assets (current LCU) — 8.6 trillion (2024)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Mongolia's broad money to total reserves ratio?

2.32 in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1992?

It is down 82.73% from 13.42 in 1992 (5.34% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 13.42 in 1992 and the lowest 1.07 in 1997.

How does Mongolia rank?

28th highest of 41 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in broad money to total reserves ratio unusual for Mongolia?

In 2024, Mongolia's broad money to total reserves ratio rose 0.11 on 2023 (from 2.21 to 2.32). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +0.000745 and a typical year strayed about 0.78 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FM.LBL.BMNY.IR.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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