Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income): GNI per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income)'s GNI per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $) fell 54.27 on 2023 (from 9,549 to 9,495).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +95.71 and a typical year strayed about 323.87 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.5 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 672.88 in 2021 and the biggest yearly fall was 503.79 in 2009. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 73.74 a year. A straight line explains 36% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

This indicator provides values for gross national income (GNI) per person expressed in constant international dollars, converted by purchasing power parities (PPPs). PPPs account for the different price levels across countries and thus PPP-based comparisons of economic output are more appropriate for comparing the output of economies and the average material well-being of their inhabitants than exchange-rate based comparisons. Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2021. The PPP conversion factor is a currency conversion factor and a spatial price deflator. PPPs convert different currencies to a common currency and, in the process of conversion, equalize their purchasing power by eliminating the differences in price levels between countries, thereby allowing volume or output comparisons of GDP and its expenditure components.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 35 values

GNI per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $) in nearby economies

• Algeria — 15,908 (2025)
• Bahrain — 63,513 (2024)
• Djibouti — 7,771 (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 15,877 (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 16,077 (2024)
• Iraq — 11,973 (2024)
• Israel — 47,468 (2025)
• Kuwait — 56,107 (2024)
• Lebanon — 10,332 (2024)
• Libya

More economic policy & debt data for Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income)

• General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$294.27 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) — US$341.05 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) — 13.8% (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$1.46 trillion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) — 68.25% (2025)
• Final consumption expenditure (current US$)

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Questions people ask

What is Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income)'s GNI per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $)?

9,495 in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1990?

It is up 58.74% from 5,981 in 1990 (1.37% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 9,737 in 2022 and the lowest 5,981 in 1990.

Is the latest change in GNI per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $) unusual for Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income)?

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Comparison Program (ICP), World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/icp/data, note: This information is for ICP’s PPPs utilized in WDI, publisher: International Comparison Program (ICP), date accessed: May 30, 2024, date published: May 30, 2024; The Eurostat PPP Progr… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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