Kenya's broad money to total reserves ratio was 4.2 in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 5.12% from 4 in 2015 (0.5% a year on average, compounded).
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 4.2 | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | 5 | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | 4 | 2015 |
| Highest | 37.68 | 1992 |
| Lowest | 2.23 | 1970 |
| Average since 2016 | 4.65 | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | 5.04 | 1966 |
What the numbers say
In 2025, Kenya's broad money to total reserves ratio fell 0.3 on 2024 (from 4.5 to 4.2).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −0.00406 and a typical year strayed about 1.41 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 20.28 in 1992 and the biggest yearly fall was 32.8 in 1993. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 16% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2025, Kenya had the 22nd highest value of the 64 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
Closest to Kenya in the 2025 ranking
- Argentina — 19th of 64: 4.38
- St. Kitts and Nevis — 20th of 64: 4.35
- South Africa — 21st of 64: 4.32
- St. Lucia — 23rd of 64: 3.96
- Indonesia — 24th of 64: 3.93
- Qatar — 25th of 64: 3.66
What this measures
Broad money is the sum of all liquid financial instruments held by money-holding sectors that are widely accepted in an economy as a medium of exchange, plus those that can be converted into a medium of exchange at short notice at, or close to, their full nominal value. Reserve assets are external assets, including monetary gold, that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, for intervention in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). Reserve assets must be denominated and settled in foreign currency. This indicator is expressed as a ratio (a÷b).
All 60 values
| Year | Broad money to total reserves ratio |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 4.2 |
| 2024 | 4.5 |
| 2023 | 5.89 |
| 2022 | 5.37 |
| 2021 | 4.51 |
| 2020 | 5 |
| 2019 | 4.19 |
| 2018 | 4.45 |
| 2017 | 4.41 |
| 2016 | 3.99 |
| 2015 |
Broad money to total reserves ratio in nearby economies
- Angola — 1.24 (2025)
- Botswana — 2.46 (2024)
- Burundi — 17 (2023)
- Cabo Verde — 2.29 (2025)
- Cameroon — 2.47 (2018)
- Central African Republic — 2.09 (2022)
- Chad — 12.75 (2021)
- Comoros — 1.6 (2025)
- Congo, Dem. Rep. — 2.99 (2023)
- Congo, Rep. — 6.08 (2023)
- Equatorial Guinea
More financial sector data for Kenya
- Consumer price index (2010 = 100) — 267.83 (2025)
- Inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth) — 4.07% (2025)
- GDP deflator (base year varies by country) — 154.1 (2025)
- DEC alternative conversion factor (LCU per US$) — US$129.3 (2025)
- Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average) — US$129.3 (2025)
- Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) — 29.34% (2025)
- Monetary sector credit to private sector (% of GDP) — 29.36% (2025)
- Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) — 29.36% (2025)
- Inflation, GDP deflator (annual % growth) — 3.49% (2025)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Kenya's broad money to total reserves ratio?
- 4.2 in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1966?
- It is down 16.6% from 5.04 in 1966 (0.31% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 37.68 in 1992 and the lowest 2.23 in 1970.
- How does Kenya rank?
- 22nd highest of 64 economies with data for 2025.
- Is the latest change in broad money to total reserves ratio unusual for Kenya?
- In 2025, Kenya's broad money to total reserves ratio fell 0.3 on 2024 (from 4.5 to 4.2). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −0.00406 and a typical year strayed about 1.41 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FM.LBL.BMNY.IR.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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