Kazakhstan: Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Kazakhstan's gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$) rose 5.7% on 2023 (from US$233.66 billion to US$246.91 billion).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +4.3% and a typical year strayed about 9% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 17.4% in 2006 and the biggest yearly fall was 28.6% in 1993. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$7.98 billion a year. A straight line explains 93% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

A straight-line projection, tested first

Extending that straight line gives about US$255.52 billion for 2027. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2022 to 2024 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was US$11.71 billion, against US$25.84 billion for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.

See how a linear trend forecast works and the guide on forecasting without fooling yourself.

How it compares

In 2024, Kazakhstan had the 4th highest value of the 31 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Kazakhstan in the 2024 ranking

• United States — 1st of 31: US$23.8 trillion
• Japan — 2nd of 31: US$4.69 trillion
• New Zealand — 4th of 31: US$228.28 billion
• Iraq — 5th of 31: US$191.22 billion
• Angola — 6th of 31: US$141.2 billion

What this measures

Gross national expenditure is the sum of household final consumption expenditure, general government final consumption expenditure, and gross capital formation. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 35 values

Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$) in nearby economies

• Albania — US$17.49 billion (2024)
• Armenia — US$19.07 billion (2025)
• Austria — US$402.97 billion (2025)
• Belarus — US$70.72 billion (2025)
• Belgium — US$529.23 billion (2025)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — US$27.93 billion (2025)
• Bulgaria — US$72.22 billion (2025)
• Croatia — US$75.15 billion (2025)
• Cyprus — US$31.44 billion (2025)
• Czechia

More economic policy & debt data for Kazakhstan

• Adjusted savings, education expenditure (% of GNI) — 3.26% (2021)
• Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$11.25 billion (2021)
• Adjusted savings, energy depletion (current US$) — US$15.12 billion (2021)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$) — US$12.34 billion (2025)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant LCU) — 906.89 billion (2025)
• Industry, including construction, value added (constant 2015 US$) — US$89.74 billion (2025)
• Industry, including construction, value added (constant LCU) — 6.82 trillion (2025)
• Services, value added (constant 2015 US$) — US$143.89 billion (2025)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Kazakhstan's gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$)?

US$246.91 billion in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1990?

It is up 80.2% from US$137.02 billion in 1990 (1.75% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$246.91 billion in 2024 and the lowest US$43.79 billion in 1998.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.DAB.TOTL.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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