Iran, Islamic Rep.: Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise exports)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2023, Iran, Islamic Rep.'s merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise exports) fell 0.55 percentage points on 2022 (from 29.81% to 29.26%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2022), the average change was +0.82 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.53 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.5 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 8.42 percentage points in 2021 and the biggest yearly fall was 6.12 percentage points in 1986. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2014 to 2023 the straight-line trend is upward, about 1.85 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 61% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2023, Iran, Islamic Rep. had the 8th highest value of the 188 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Iran, Islamic Rep. in the 2023 ranking

• Kosovo — 5th of 188: 42.9%
• Uzbekistan — 6th of 188: 36.37%
• Sierra Leone — 7th of 188: 34.3%
• Kyrgyz Republic — 9th of 188: 28.31%
• Russian Federation — 10th of 188: 26.34%
• Turkmenistan — 11th of 188: 25.35%

What this measures

Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe and Central Asia are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Europe and Central Asia region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 47 values

Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise exports) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — 9.68% (2023)
• Algeria — 6.37% (2023)
• Bahrain — 3.21% (2023)
• Djibouti — 0.66% (2023)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 10.44% (2023)
• Iraq — 2.09% (2023)
• Israel

More private sector & trade data for Iran, Islamic Rep.

• Merchandise trade (% of GDP) — 49.32% (2025)
• Merchandise imports (current US$) — US$65.63 billion (2025)
• Merchandise exports (current US$) — US$113.23 billion (2025)
• Merchandise imports from economies in the Arab World (% of total merchandise imports) — 30.34% (2023)
• Merchandise imports from high-income economies (% of total merchandise imports) — 50.61% (2023)
• Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise imports) — 48.54% (2023)
• Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise imports) — 3.32% (2023)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Iran, Islamic Rep.'s merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise exports)?

29.26% in 2023, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1964?

It is up 28.18 percentage points from 1.08% in 1964. The highest value was 29.81% in 2022 and the lowest 0.01% in 1967.

How does Iran, Islamic Rep. rank?

8th highest of 188 economies with data for 2023.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator TX.VAL.MRCH.R2.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Staff estimates, World Bank (WB); Direction of Trade database, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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