IBRD only: Gross capital formation (annual % growth)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, IBRD only's gross capital formation (annual % growth) fell 1.05 percentage points on 2024 (from 3.46% to 2.41%).

Across the 28 yearly changes before that (1997 to 2024), the average change was +0.62 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 23.31 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 61.34 percentage points in 2004 and the biggest yearly fall was 63.2 percentage points in 2003. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 8% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 30 values

Gross capital formation (annual % growth) in nearby economies

• Algeria — 10.97% (2025)
• Bahrain — 3.45% (2024)
• Djibouti — -41.22% (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — -5.47% (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — -10.46% (2025)
• Iraq — -40.48% (2024)
• Israel — 7.38% (2025)
• Kuwait — -18.28% (2024)
• Lebanon — -31.63% (2024)
• Libya — 8.56% (2025)

More economic policy & debt data for IBRD only

• Charges for the use of intellectual property, payments (BoP, current US$) — US$129.32 billion (2025)
• Portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$) — US$11.74 billion (2025)
• Exports of goods and services (current US$) — US$11.25 trillion (2025)
• Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) — 26.13% (2025)
• Imports of goods and services (current US$) — US$10.56 trillion (2025)
• Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) — 24.53% (2025)
• External balance on goods and services (% of GDP) — 1.61% (2025)
• Trade (% of GDP) — 49.3% (2025)
• Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is IBRD only's gross capital formation (annual % growth)?

2.41% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1996?

It is up 16.41 percentage points from -14.01% in 1996. The highest value was 48.22% in 2002 and the lowest -24.61% in 1998.

Is the latest change in gross capital formation (annual % growth) unusual for IBRD only?

In 2025, IBRD only's gross capital formation (annual % growth) fell 1.05 percentage points on 2024 (from 3.46% to 2.41%). Across the 28 yearly changes before that (1997 to 2024), the average change was +0.62 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 23.31 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Where does this data come from?

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.GDI.TOTL.KD.ZG, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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