Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD): GNI (constant 2015 US$)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2021, Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)'s GNI (constant 2015 US$) rose 10.3% on 2020 (from US$3.86 trillion to US$4.26 trillion).

Across the 25 yearly changes before that (1996 to 2020), the average change was +3.4% and a typical year strayed about 5.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 11.8% in 2000 and the biggest yearly fall was 11.4% in 2009. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2012 to 2021 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$62.75 billion a year. A straight line explains 65% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 27 values

GNI (constant 2015 US$) in nearby economies

• Algeria — US$237.22 billion (2025)
• Bahrain — US$42.29 billion (2024)
• Djibouti — US$4.45 billion (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — US$454.6 billion (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — US$405.27 billion (2025)
• Iraq — US$252.01 billion (2024)
• Israel — US$431.87 billion (2025)
• Kuwait — US$167.36 billion (2024)
• Lebanon — US$27.3 billion (2024)
• Libya — US$55.6 billion (2025)
• Malta — US$18.56 billion (2025)
• Morocco

More economic policy & debt data for Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)

• Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) — US$82.98 billion (2025)
• Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$) — US$19.58 billion (2025)
• Portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$) — −US$186.92 million (2025)
• Net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$) — US$5.92 billion (2024)
• Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$) — US$5.2 billion (2024)
• IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, current US$) — US$960.06 million (2024)
• Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Austria (current US$) — US$227.32 million (2022)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)'s GNI (constant 2015 US$)?

US$4.26 trillion in 2021, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1995?

It is up 143.94% from US$1.75 trillion in 1995 (3.49% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$4.26 trillion in 2021 and the lowest US$1.67 trillion in 1998.

Is the latest change in GNI (constant 2015 US$) unusual for Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)?

In 2021, Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)'s GNI (constant 2015 US$) rose 10.3% on 2020 (from US$3.86 trillion to US$4.26 trillion). Across the 25 yearly changes before that (1996 to 2020), the average change was +3.4% and a typical year strayed about 5.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.GNP.MKTP.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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