Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD): Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2021, Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)'s domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) fell 3.82 percentage points on 2020 (from 52.31% to 48.49%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1977 to 2020), the average change was +1.11 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.67 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.9 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 6.51 percentage points in 2007 and the biggest yearly fall was 4.92 percentage points in 1961. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2012 to 2021 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 6% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

Domestic credit to private sector by banks refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by other depository corporations (deposit taking corporations except central banks), such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Limitations: Credit to the private sector may sometimes include credit to state-owned or partially state-owned enterprises.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 50 values

Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — 2.99% (2020)
• Algeria — 19.56% (2025)
• Bahrain — 70.55% (2015)
• Djibouti — 25.16% (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 25.84% (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 57.83% (2016)
• Iraq — 13.99% (2024)
• Israel — 72.47% (2025)
• Jordan — 71.23% (2025)
• Kuwait

More financial sector data for Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)

• Monetary sector credit to private sector (% of GDP) — 48.5% (2021)
• Claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP) — 4.72% (2021)
• Broad money (% of GDP) — 64.34% (2020)
• Inflation, GDP deflator (annual % growth) — 4.77% (2025)
• Inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth) — 4.33% (2025)
• Listed domestic companies, total — 2,091 (2023)
• Stocks traded, turnover ratio of domestic shares (%) — 129.35% (2024)
• Bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)'s domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP)?

48.49% in 2021, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1960?

It is up 30.84 percentage points from 17.65% in 1960. The highest value was 52.31% in 2020 and the lowest 12.73% in 1961.

Is the latest change in domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) unusual for Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)?

In 2021, Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)'s domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) fell 3.82 percentage points on 2020 (from 52.31% to 48.49%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1977 to 2020), the average change was +1.11 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 2.67 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.9 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FD.AST.PRVT.GD.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF); World Development Indicators Database, World Bank (WB); National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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