Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)'s portfolio investment, bonds (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$) was US$18.37 billion in 2024, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 5.18% from US$19.37 billion in 2014 (0.53% a year on average, compounded).
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | US$18.37 billion | 2024 |
| Five years earlier | US$9.71 billion | 2019 |
| Ten years earlier | US$19.37 billion | 2014 |
| Highest | US$33.23 billion | 2013 |
| Lowest | −US$9.43 billion | 2022 |
| Average since 2015 | US$6.65 billion | 2015–2024 |
| First recorded | US$1.06 billion |
What the numbers say
In 2024, Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)'s portfolio investment, bonds (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$) rose US$13.22 billion on 2023 (from US$5.15 billion to US$18.37 billion).
Across the 29 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2023), the average change was +US$40.97 million and a typical year strayed about US$9.81 billion from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was US$15.3 billion in 2013 and the biggest yearly fall was US$21.45 billion in 2015. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2015 to 2024 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 4% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
What this measures
Bonds are securities issued with a fixed rate of interest for a period of more than one year. They include net flows through cross-border public and publicly guaranteed and private nonguaranteed bond issues. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Limitations: The DRS encourages debtor countries to voluntarily provide information on their short-term external obligations. By its nature, short-term external debt is difficult to monitor: loan-by-loan registration is normally impractical, and monitoring systems typically rely on information requested periodically by the central bank from the banking sector. The World Bank regards the debtor country as the authoritative source of information on its short-term debt. Where such information is not available from the debtor country, data are derived from BIS data on international bank lending based on time remaining to original maturity.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a sum.
All 33 values
| Year | Portfolio investment, bonds (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 18,369,006,000 |
| 2023 | 5,150,303,000 |
| 2022 | -9,426,706,000 |
| 2021 | 11,676,036,000 |
| 2020 | 9,683,727,000 |
| 2019 | 9,714,100,000 |
| 2018 | 3,752,569,000 |
| 2017 | 13,272,570,000 |
| 2016 | 6,397,750,000 |
| 2015 | -2,080,656,000 |
Portfolio investment, bonds (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$) in nearby economies
More economic policy & debt data for Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)
- Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Austria (current US$) — US$197.79 million (2023)
- Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Belgium (current US$) — US$85.62 million (2023)
- Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Canada (current US$) — US$2.03 billion (2023)
- Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, European Union institutions (current US$) — US$23.3 billion (2023)
- Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Switzerland (current US$) — US$419.07 million (2023)
- Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Germany (current US$) — US$1.28 billion (2023)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)'s portfolio investment, bonds (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$)?
- US$18.37 billion in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1989?
- It is up 1,633% from US$1.06 billion in 1989 (8.49% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$33.23 billion in 2013 and the lowest −US$9.43 billion in 2022.
- Is the latest change in portfolio investment, bonds (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$) unusual for Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)?
- In 2024, Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)'s portfolio investment, bonds (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$) rose US$13.22 billion on 2023 (from US$5.15 billion to US$18.37 billion). Across the 29 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2023), the average change was +US$40.97 million and a typical year strayed about US$9.81 billion from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator DT.NFL.BOND.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Debt Statistics, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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