Estonia: Air transport, passengers carried

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2019, Estonia's air transport, passengers carried fell 98.6% on 2018 (from 62,802 to 857).

Across the 26 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2018), the average change was +17.2% and a typical year strayed about 80.2% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.4 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 379.3% in 2018 and the biggest yearly fall was 98.6% in 2019. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2010 to 2019 the straight-line trend is downward, about 87,646 a year. A straight line explains 73% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

Closest to Estonia in the 2019 ranking

• Gambia, The — 1st of 4: 109,542
• Somalia, Fed. Rep. — 2nd of 4: 34,066
• Monaco — 4th of 4: 316

What this measures

Air carrier data per country refers to passengers carried by airlines registered in that country regardless of the origin or destination of the passengers.

Limitations: While ICAO aviation data provide a globally standardized and comprehensive view of air transport activity, several limitations affect their accuracy and comparability. Data quality depends on the completeness and consistency of country reporting, which can vary due to differences in national statistical capacity, regulatory environments, and adherence to ICAO definitions. Some countries may not report all relevant data, leading ICAO to estimate missing values using historical submissions and published schedules, which can introduce uncertainty. Changes in airline registration, mergers, or operational practices may also affect the attribution of traffic statistics.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a sum.

All 28 values

Air transport, passengers carried in nearby economies

• Albania — 374,800 (2023)
• Armenia — 1.31 million (2023)
• Austria — 46.04 million (2023)
• Azerbaijan — 2.58 million (2023)
• Belarus — 1.32 million (2023)
• Belgium — 11.39 million (2023)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 1,593 (2020)
• Bulgaria — 723,825 (2023)
• Croatia — 1.67 million (2023)
• Cyprus — 724,062 (2023)
• Czechia

More infrastructure data for Estonia

• Mobile cellular subscriptions — 2.06 million (2024)
• Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) — 151.13 (2024)
• Fixed telephone subscriptions — 227,420 (2024)
• Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people) — 16.72 (2024)
• Medium and high-tech exports (% manufactured exports) — 52.79% (2024)
• Individuals using the Internet (% of population) — 92.24% (2024)
• Patent applications, nonresidents — 3 (2024)
• Patent applications, residents — 27 (2024)
• ICT service exports (BoP, current US$) — US$3.99 billion (2025)
• ICT service exports (% of service exports, BoP)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Estonia's air transport, passengers carried?

857 in 2019, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1992?

It is down 99.41% from 146,300 in 1992 (17.33% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 914,519 in 2012 and the lowest 857 in 2019.

Is the latest change in air transport, passengers carried unusual for Estonia?

In 2019, Estonia's air transport, passengers carried fell 98.6% on 2018 (from 62,802 to 857). Across the 26 yearly changes before that (1993 to 2018), the average change was +17.2% and a typical year strayed about 80.2% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.4 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Where does this data come from?

The World Bank's World Development Indicators, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Civil Aviation Statistics of the World, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), uri: https://data.icao.int/newdataplus/#:~:text=ICAO%20data%20is%20comprised%20of,information%20about%20commercial%20air%20carriers; ICAO Staff estimates, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), uri:….

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator IS.AIR.PSGR, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Civil Aviation Statistics of the World, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), uri: https://data.icao.int/newdataplus/#:~:text=ICAO%20data%20is%20comprised%20of,information%20about%20commercial%20air%20carriers; ICAO Staff estimates, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), uri:… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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