Early-demographic dividend: Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2023, Early-demographic dividend's total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e) rose 3.4% on 2022 (from 11,621 to 12,020).

Across the 22 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2022), the average change was +2.8% and a typical year strayed about 3.7% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 9.1% in 2006 and the biggest yearly fall was 5.9% in 2020. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2014 to 2023 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 25% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

A measure of annual emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)) from the energy, industry, waste, agriculture, and land use, land use changes, and forestry (LULUCF) sectors, standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values using the Global Warming Potential (GWP) factors of IPCC's 5th Assessment Report (AR5).

Limitations: Global GHG emissions are currently not directly measurable, but approaches for their estimation exist, and numerous sources exist to supply data for this indicator. Reputable scientific organizations produce these data for use for research, policy analysis, climate negotiations, and broader public communications. The estimated accuracy from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes are quite high, as quantities of fossil fuels and other emissive materials (such as cement and steel) produced are well known. For these sectors, emissions estimates are roughly accurate to within 10% when aggregated to the global level and between 4% and 35% at the country level (Crippa et al., 2023).

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a sum.

All 24 values

Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — 42.98 (2023)
• Algeria — 247.41 (2023)
• Bahrain — 64.88 (2023)
• Djibouti — -4.61 (2023)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 1,052 (2023)
• Israel — 78.8 (2023)
• Jordan — 33.48 (2023)
• Kuwait — 168.02 (2023)
• Lebanon — 15.11 (2023)
• Malta

More environment data for Early-demographic dividend

• Population in the largest city (% of urban population) — 17.29% (2025)
• Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population) — 19.73% (2025)
• Rural population — 1.88 billion (2025)
• Rural population (% of total population) — 52.33% (2025)
• Urban population — 1.71 billion (2025)
• Urban population (% of total population) — 47.67% (2025)
• Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total) — 81.4% (2024)
• Aquaculture production (metric tons) — 40.34 million (2024)
• Capture fisheries production (metric tons)

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Questions people ask

What is Early-demographic dividend's total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e)?

12,020 in 2023, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 2000?

It is up 88.57% from 6,374 in 2000 (2.8% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 12,020 in 2023 and the lowest 6,374 in 2000.

Is the latest change in total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e) unusual for Early-demographic dividend?

In 2023, Early-demographic dividend's total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e) rose 3.4% on 2022 (from 11,621 to 12,020). Across the 22 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2022), the average change was +2.8% and a typical year strayed about 3.7% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator EN.GHG.ALL.LU.MT.CE.AR5, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, , uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024; European Forest Observatory, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: European Co… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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